CWE-444
Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Description
The product acts as an intermediary HTTP agent (such as a proxy or firewall) in the data flow between two entities such as a client and server, but it does not interpret malformed HTTP requests or responses in ways that are consistent with how the messages will be processed by those entities that are at the ultimate destination.
Hierarchy (View 1000)
Parents
Children
none
Related attack patterns (CAPEC)
CAPEC-273 · CAPEC-33
CVEs mapped to this weakness (386)
page 11 of 20| CVE | Vendor / Product | Sev | Risk | CVSS | EPSS | KEV | Published | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2020-10719 | Med | 0.42 | 6.5 | 0.01 | May 26, 2020 | A flaw was found in Undertow in versions before 2.1.1.Final, regarding the processing of invalid HTTP requests with large chunk sizes. This flaw allows an attacker to take advantage of HTTP request smuggling. | ||
| CVE-2020-11076 | Hig | 0.42 | 7.5 | 0.04 | May 22, 2020 | In Puma (RubyGem) before 4.3.4 and 3.12.5, an attacker could smuggle an HTTP response, by using an invalid transfer-encoding header. The problem has been fixed in Puma 3.12.5 and Puma 4.3.4. | ||
| CVE-2019-15272 | Med | 0.42 | 6.5 | 0.01 | Oct 2, 2019 | A vulnerability in the web-based interface of Cisco Unified Communications Manager and Cisco Unified Communications Manager Session Management Edition (SME) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass security restrictions. The vulnerability is due to improper… | ||
| CVE-2019-16276 | Hig | 0.42 | 7.5 | 0.05 | Sep 30, 2019 | Go before 1.12.10 and 1.13.x before 1.13.1 allow HTTP Request Smuggling. | ||
| CVE-2017-2666 | Med | 0.42 | 6.5 | 0.03 | Jul 27, 2018 | It was discovered in Undertow that the code that parsed the HTTP request line permitted invalid characters. This could be exploited, in conjunction with a proxy that also permitted the invalid characters but with a different interpretation, to inject data into the HTTP response.… | ||
| CVE-2026-73495 | Hig | 0.41 | 7.4 | 0.00 | Aug 12, 2026 | blaze is a Scala library for building asynchronous pipelines, with a focus on network IO. Prior to 0.23.18 and 1.0.0-M42, blaze-server can merge HTTP/1.1 chunked-body trailer fields into Request.headers. Because trailer fields are attacker-controlled, an unauthenticated remote… | ||
| CVE-2026-42584 | Hig | 0.41 | 7.3 | 0.01 | May 13, 2026 | Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. Prior to 4.2.13.Final and 4.1.133.Final, HttpClientCodec pairs each inbound response with an outbound request by queue.poll() once per response, including for 1xx. If the client pipelines GET then HEAD and the… | ||
| CVE-2025-12874 | Med | 0.41 | — | 0.00 | Dec 19, 2025 | Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling') vulnerability in Quest Coexistence Manager for Notes (Free/Busy Connector modules) allows HTTP Request Smuggling via the Content-Length-Transfer-Encoding (CL.TE) attack vector. This could allow an… | ||
| CVE-2024-12397 | Hig | 0.41 | 7.4 | 0.01 | Dec 12, 2024 | A flaw was found in Quarkus-HTTP, which incorrectly parses cookies with certain value-delimiting characters in incoming requests. This issue could allow an attacker to construct a cookie value to exfiltrate HttpOnly cookie values or spoof arbitrary additional cookie values,… | ||
| CVE-2023-4639 | Hig | 0.41 | 7.4 | 0.01 | Nov 17, 2024 | A flaw was found in Undertow, which incorrectly parses cookies with certain value-delimiting characters in incoming requests. This issue could allow an attacker to construct a cookie value to exfiltrate HttpOnly cookie values or spoof arbitrary additional cookie values, leading… | ||
| CVE-2024-32638 | Med | 0.41 | 6.3 | 0.01 | May 2, 2024 | Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request Smuggling') vulnerability in Apache APISIX when using `forward-auth` plugin.This issue affects Apache APISIX: from 3.8.0, 3.9.0. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.8.1, 3.9.1 or higher, which fixes the… | ||
| CVE-2023-40175 | Hig | 0.41 | 7.3 | 0.01 | Aug 18, 2023 | Puma is a Ruby/Rack web server built for parallelism. Prior to versions 6.3.1 and 5.6.7, puma exhibited incorrect behavior when parsing chunked transfer encoding bodies and zero-length Content-Length headers in a way that allowed HTTP request smuggling. Severity of this issue is… | ||
| CVE-2026-72587 | Med | 0.40 | 6.1 | 0.00 | Aug 10, 2026 | A cache poisoning vulnerability in CoreBunch/Instatic through 0.0.14 allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to poison the shared process-wide render cache by manipulating the u query parameter of the GET /_instatic/hole/ server island endpoint. | ||
| CVE-2022-38114 | Med | 0.40 | 6.1 | 0.01 | Nov 23, 2022 | This vulnerability occurs when a web server fails to correctly process the Content-Length of POST requests. This can lead to HTTP request smuggling or XSS. | ||
| CVE-2022-31109 | Hig | 0.40 | 7.2 | 0.01 | Aug 1, 2022 | laminas-diactoros is a PHP package containing implementations of the PSR-7 HTTP message interfaces and PSR-17 HTTP message factory interfaces. Applications that use Diactoros, and are either not behind a proxy, or can be accessed via untrusted proxies, can potentially have the… | ||
| CVE-2018-7068 | Med | 0.40 | 6.1 | 0.01 | Aug 6, 2018 | HPE has identified a remote HOST header attack vulnerability in HPE CentralView Fraud Risk Management earlier than version CV 6.1. This issue is resolved in HF16 for HPE CV 6.1 or subsequent version. | ||
| CVE-2017-7559 | Med | 0.40 | 6.1 | 0.02 | Jan 10, 2018 | In Undertow 2.x before 2.0.0.Alpha2, 1.4.x before 1.4.17.Final, and 1.3.x before 1.3.31.Final, it was found that the fix for CVE-2017-2666 was incomplete and invalid characters are still allowed in the query string and path parameters. This could be exploited, in conjunction… | ||
| CVE-2026-71324 | Hig | 0.39 | — | 0.01 | Aug 6, 2026 | Traefik is an open source HTTP reverse proxy and load balancer. Prior to 2.11.53, 3.6.24, and 3.7.9, Traefik's default HTTP reverse proxy forwards a plain HTTP/2 or HTTP/3 CONNECT request and its body to an HTTP/1.1 upstream through a shared net/http.Transport. When the upstream… | ||
| CVE-2023-51747 | Hig | 0.39 | 7.1 | 0.01 | Feb 27, 2024 | Apache James prior to versions 3.8.1 and 3.7.5 is vulnerable to SMTP smuggling. A lenient behaviour in line delimiter handling might create a difference of interpretation between the sender and the receiver which can be exploited by an attacker to forge an SMTP envelop,… | ||
| CVE-2022-21826 | Med | 0.39 | 5.4 | 0.45 | Sep 30, 2022 | Pulse Secure version 9.115 and below may be susceptible to client-side http request smuggling, When the application receives a POST request, it ignores the request's Content-Length header and leaves the POST body on the TCP/TLS socket. This body ends up prefixing the next HTTP… |
- risk 0.42cvss 6.5epss 0.01
A flaw was found in Undertow in versions before 2.1.1.Final, regarding the processing of invalid HTTP requests with large chunk sizes. This flaw allows an attacker to take advantage of HTTP request smuggling.
- risk 0.42cvss 7.5epss 0.04
In Puma (RubyGem) before 4.3.4 and 3.12.5, an attacker could smuggle an HTTP response, by using an invalid transfer-encoding header. The problem has been fixed in Puma 3.12.5 and Puma 4.3.4.
- risk 0.42cvss 6.5epss 0.01
A vulnerability in the web-based interface of Cisco Unified Communications Manager and Cisco Unified Communications Manager Session Management Edition (SME) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass security restrictions. The vulnerability is due to improper…
- risk 0.42cvss 7.5epss 0.05
Go before 1.12.10 and 1.13.x before 1.13.1 allow HTTP Request Smuggling.
- risk 0.42cvss 6.5epss 0.03
It was discovered in Undertow that the code that parsed the HTTP request line permitted invalid characters. This could be exploited, in conjunction with a proxy that also permitted the invalid characters but with a different interpretation, to inject data into the HTTP response.…
- risk 0.41cvss 7.4epss 0.00
blaze is a Scala library for building asynchronous pipelines, with a focus on network IO. Prior to 0.23.18 and 1.0.0-M42, blaze-server can merge HTTP/1.1 chunked-body trailer fields into Request.headers. Because trailer fields are attacker-controlled, an unauthenticated remote…
- risk 0.41cvss 7.3epss 0.01
Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. Prior to 4.2.13.Final and 4.1.133.Final, HttpClientCodec pairs each inbound response with an outbound request by queue.poll() once per response, including for 1xx. If the client pipelines GET then HEAD and the…
- risk 0.41cvss —epss 0.00
Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling') vulnerability in Quest Coexistence Manager for Notes (Free/Busy Connector modules) allows HTTP Request Smuggling via the Content-Length-Transfer-Encoding (CL.TE) attack vector. This could allow an…
- risk 0.41cvss 7.4epss 0.01
A flaw was found in Quarkus-HTTP, which incorrectly parses cookies with certain value-delimiting characters in incoming requests. This issue could allow an attacker to construct a cookie value to exfiltrate HttpOnly cookie values or spoof arbitrary additional cookie values,…
- risk 0.41cvss 7.4epss 0.01
A flaw was found in Undertow, which incorrectly parses cookies with certain value-delimiting characters in incoming requests. This issue could allow an attacker to construct a cookie value to exfiltrate HttpOnly cookie values or spoof arbitrary additional cookie values, leading…
- risk 0.41cvss 6.3epss 0.01
Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request Smuggling') vulnerability in Apache APISIX when using `forward-auth` plugin.This issue affects Apache APISIX: from 3.8.0, 3.9.0. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.8.1, 3.9.1 or higher, which fixes the…
- risk 0.41cvss 7.3epss 0.01
Puma is a Ruby/Rack web server built for parallelism. Prior to versions 6.3.1 and 5.6.7, puma exhibited incorrect behavior when parsing chunked transfer encoding bodies and zero-length Content-Length headers in a way that allowed HTTP request smuggling. Severity of this issue is…
- risk 0.40cvss 6.1epss 0.00
A cache poisoning vulnerability in CoreBunch/Instatic through 0.0.14 allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to poison the shared process-wide render cache by manipulating the u query parameter of the GET /_instatic/hole/ server island endpoint.
- risk 0.40cvss 6.1epss 0.01
This vulnerability occurs when a web server fails to correctly process the Content-Length of POST requests. This can lead to HTTP request smuggling or XSS.
- risk 0.40cvss 7.2epss 0.01
laminas-diactoros is a PHP package containing implementations of the PSR-7 HTTP message interfaces and PSR-17 HTTP message factory interfaces. Applications that use Diactoros, and are either not behind a proxy, or can be accessed via untrusted proxies, can potentially have the…
- risk 0.40cvss 6.1epss 0.01
HPE has identified a remote HOST header attack vulnerability in HPE CentralView Fraud Risk Management earlier than version CV 6.1. This issue is resolved in HF16 for HPE CV 6.1 or subsequent version.
- risk 0.40cvss 6.1epss 0.02
In Undertow 2.x before 2.0.0.Alpha2, 1.4.x before 1.4.17.Final, and 1.3.x before 1.3.31.Final, it was found that the fix for CVE-2017-2666 was incomplete and invalid characters are still allowed in the query string and path parameters. This could be exploited, in conjunction…
- risk 0.39cvss —epss 0.01
Traefik is an open source HTTP reverse proxy and load balancer. Prior to 2.11.53, 3.6.24, and 3.7.9, Traefik's default HTTP reverse proxy forwards a plain HTTP/2 or HTTP/3 CONNECT request and its body to an HTTP/1.1 upstream through a shared net/http.Transport. When the upstream…
- risk 0.39cvss 7.1epss 0.01
Apache James prior to versions 3.8.1 and 3.7.5 is vulnerable to SMTP smuggling. A lenient behaviour in line delimiter handling might create a difference of interpretation between the sender and the receiver which can be exploited by an attacker to forge an SMTP envelop,…
- risk 0.39cvss 5.4epss 0.45
Pulse Secure version 9.115 and below may be susceptible to client-side http request smuggling, When the application receives a POST request, it ignores the request's Content-Length header and leaves the POST body on the TCP/TLS socket. This body ends up prefixing the next HTTP…