VYPR

CWE-436

Interpretation Conflict

ClassIncomplete

Description

Product A handles inputs or steps differently than Product B, which causes A to perform incorrect actions based on its perception of B's state.

This is generally found in proxies, firewalls, anti-virus software, and other intermediary devices that monitor, allow, deny, or modify traffic based on how the client or server is expected to behave.

Hierarchy (View 1000)

Related attack patterns (CAPEC)

CAPEC-105 · CAPEC-273 · CAPEC-34

CVEs mapped to this weakness (143)

page 1 of 8
  • CVE-2026-63030CriKEVJul 17, 2026
    risk 0.84cvss 9.8epss 0.96

    WordPress 6.9.x before 6.9.5 and 7.0.x before 7.0.2 is affected by a REST API batch endpoint route confusion issue which, combined with the author__not_in WP_Query SQL Injection (CVE-2026-60137), could allow an attacker to perform SQL Injection and achieve Remote Code Execution.

  • CVE-2026-8034CriMay 7, 2026
    risk 0.64cvss 9.8epss 0.00

    A server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability was identified in the GitHub Enterprise Server notebook viewer that allowed an attacker to access internal services by exploiting URL parser confusion between the validation layer and the HTTP request library. The hostname…

  • CVE-2020-10180CriMar 5, 2020
    risk 0.64cvss 9.8epss 0.02

    The ESET AV parsing engine allows virus-detection bypass via a crafted BZ2 Checksum field in an archive. This affects versions before 1294 of Smart Security Premium, Internet Security, NOD32 Antivirus, Cyber Security Pro (macOS), Cyber Security (macOS), Mobile Security for…

  • CVE-2019-19589CriDec 5, 2019
    risk 0.64cvss 9.8epss 0.02

    The Lever PDF Embedder plugin 4.4 for WordPress does not block the distribution of polyglot PDF documents that are valid JAR archives. Note: It has been argued that "The vulnerability reported in PDF Embedder Plugin is not valid as the plugin itself doesn't control or manage the…

  • CVE-2025-25292CriMar 12, 2025
    risk 0.62cvss 9.8epss 0.65

    ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. An authentication bypass vulnerability was found in ruby-saml prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 due to a parser differential. ReXML and Nokogiri parse XML differently, the parsers can…

  • CVE-2021-28474HigMay 11, 2021
    risk 0.61cvss 8.8epss 0.51

    Microsoft SharePoint Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

  • CVE-2026-41248CriApr 24, 2026
    risk 0.59cvss 9.1epss 0.00

    Clerk JavaScript is the official JavaScript repository for Clerk authentication. createRouteMatcher in @clerk/nextjs, @clerk/nuxt, and @clerk/astro can be bypassed by certain crafted requests, allowing them to skip middleware gating and reach downstream handlers. This…

  • CVE-2024-38428CriJun 16, 2024
    risk 0.59cvss 9.1epss 0.01

    url.c in GNU Wget through 1.24.5 mishandles semicolons in the userinfo subcomponent of a URI, and thus there may be insecure behavior in which data that was supposed to be in the userinfo subcomponent is misinterpreted to be part of the host subcomponent.

  • CVE-2025-25291CriMar 12, 2025
    risk 0.58cvss 9.8epss 0.20

    ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. An authentication bypass vulnerability was found in ruby-saml prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 due to a parser differential. ReXML and Nokogiri parse XML differently; the parsers can…

  • CVE-2023-24813CriFeb 7, 2023
    risk 0.58cvss 10.0epss 0.02

    Dompdf is an HTML to PDF converter written in php. Due to the difference in the attribute parser of Dompdf and php-svg-lib, an attacker can still call arbitrary URLs with arbitrary protocols. Dompdf parses the href attribute of `image` tags and respects `xlink:href` even if…

  • CVE-2026-47767CriJul 14, 2026
    risk 0.57cvss 9.8epss 0.00

    Symfony is a PHP framework for web and console applications and a set of reusable PHP components. From 5.4.46 until 5.4.52, 6.4.40, 7.4.12, and 8.0.12, the CVE-2024-50340 fix gated runtime argv parsing on empty($_GET), but parse_str() and the web SAPI can disagree, allowing a…

  • CVE-2025-48384HigKEVJul 8, 2025
    risk 0.57cvss 8.0epss 0.03

    Git is a fast, scalable, distributed revision control system with an unusually rich command set that provides both high-level operations and full access to internals. When reading a config value, Git strips any trailing carriage return and line feed (CRLF). When writing a config…

  • CVE-2023-39481HigMay 3, 2024
    risk 0.57cvss 8.8epss 0.02

    Softing Secure Integration Server Interpretation Conflict Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Softing Secure Integration Server. Although authentication is required to exploit this…

  • CVE-2021-33621HigNov 18, 2022
    risk 0.57cvss 8.8epss 0.02

    The cgi gem before 0.1.0.2, 0.2.x before 0.2.2, and 0.3.x before 0.3.5 for Ruby allows HTTP response splitting. This is relevant to applications that use untrusted user input either to generate an HTTP response or to create a CGI::Cookie object.

  • CVE-2021-45327CriFeb 8, 2022
    risk 0.57cvss 9.8epss 0.02

    Gitea before 1.11.2 is affected by Trusting HTTP Permission Methods on the Server Side when referencing the vulnerable admin or user API. which could let a remote malisious user execute arbitrary code.

  • CVE-2018-19966HigDec 8, 2018
    risk 0.57cvss 8.8epss 0.00

    An issue was discovered in Xen through 4.11.x allowing x86 PV guest OS users to cause a denial of service (host OS crash) or possibly gain host OS privileges because of an interpretation conflict for a union data structure associated with shadow paging. NOTE: this issue exists…

  • CVE-2021-1587HigAug 25, 2021
    risk 0.56cvss 8.6epss 0.02

    A vulnerability in the VXLAN Operation, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM) feature of Cisco NX-OS Software, known as NGOAM, could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition on an affected device. This vulnerability is due to…

  • CVE-2026-49332HigJul 28, 2026
    risk 0.55cvss 8.5epss 0.00

    A flaw was found in openshift/oauth-proxy. The proxy sets authenticated identity headers using only dash-variant keys (X-Forwarded-User) but does not strip underscore-variant keys (X_Forwarded_User) from incoming requests. WSGI and PHP frameworks normalize both variants to the…

  • CVE-2026-14198CriJul 1, 2026
    risk 0.52cvss 9.1epss 0.00

    @fastify/middie versions 9.1.0 through 9.3.2 decode the encoded slash %2F inside path parameter values before matching middleware paths, while Fastify's underlying router preserves the encoding during route lookup. The two layers disagree on the canonical request path, so the…

  • CVE-2026-6270CriApr 16, 2026
    risk 0.52cvss 9.1epss 0.01

    @fastify/middie versions 9.3.1 and earlier do not register inherited middleware directly on child plugin engine instances. When a Fastify application registers authentication middleware in a parent scope and then registers child plugins with @fastify/middie, the child scope does…