CWE-116
Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
Description
The product prepares a structured message for communication with another component, but encoding or escaping of the data is either missing or done incorrectly. As a result, the intended structure of the message is not preserved.
Hierarchy (View 1000)
Related attack patterns (CAPEC)
CAPEC-104 · CAPEC-73 · CAPEC-81 · CAPEC-85
CVEs mapped to this weakness (510)
page 19 of 26| CVE | Vendor / Product | Sev | Risk | CVSS | EPSS | KEV | Published | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2026-50642 | Med | 0.31 | — | 0.00 | Jul 29, 2026 | diff‑so‑fancy does not properly sanitize non‑SGR terminal control sequences before outputting diff data. The application only strips ANSI SGR sequences while allowing other control characters, including carriage return (\r) and escape sequences (e.g., OSC, CSI), to pass… | ||
| CVE-2026-49844 | Med | 0.31 | 5.9 | 0.01 | Jul 10, 2026 | Improper encoding of non-finite floating-point values during MapMessage JSON serialization in Apache Log4j API produces output that is not valid JSON. This issue affects Apache Log4j API versions 2.13.1 through 2.25.4 and version 2.26.0. The fix for CVE-2026-34481 did not cover… | ||
| CVE-2026-34246 | Med | 0.31 | 4.8 | 0.00 | May 19, 2026 | CtrlPanel is open-source billing software for hosting providers. Versions 1.1.1 and prior contain a Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in the admin role management interface. In app/Http/Controllers/Admin/RoleController.php, the datatable() method… | ||
| CVE-2026-40567 | Med | 0.31 | 5.8 | 0.00 | Apr 21, 2026 | FreeScout is a free self-hosted help desk and shared mailbox. Prior to version 1.8.213, an unauthenticated attacker can inject arbitrary HTML into outgoing emails generated by FreeScout by sending an email with a crafted From display name. The name is stored in the database… | ||
| CVE-2026-40593 | Med | 0.31 | 4.8 | 0.00 | Apr 18, 2026 | ChurchCRM is an open-source church management system. In versions prior to 7.2.0, the User Editor (UserEditor.php) renders stored usernames directly into an HTML input value attribute without applying htmlspecialchars(). An administrator can save a username containing HTML… | ||
| CVE-2026-29106 | Med | 0.31 | 5.9 | 0.00 | Mar 19, 2026 | SuiteCRM is an open-source, enterprise-ready Customer Relationship Management (CRM) software application. Prior to versions 7.15.1 and 8.9.3, the value of the return_id request parameter is copied into the value of an HTML tag attribute which is an event handler and is… | ||
| CVE-2023-6005 | Med | 0.31 | 4.8 | 0.00 | Jan 16, 2024 | The EventON WordPress plugin before 4.5.5, EventON WordPress plugin before 2.2.7 does not sanitize and escape some of its settings, which could allow high privilege users such as admin to perform Stored Cross-Site Scripting attacks even when the unfiltered_html capability is… | ||
| CVE-2022-0741 | Med | 0.31 | 5.8 | 0.01 | Apr 1, 2022 | Improper input validation in all versions of GitLab CE/EE using sendmail to send emails allowed an attacker to steal environment variables via specially crafted email addresses. | ||
| CVE-2026-66486 | Med | 0.30 | — | 0.00 | Aug 10, 2026 | GNU cpio is vulnerable to improper encoding or escaping of output in its archive member listing functionality. When listing archive members via cpio -it, member names are printed directly to output without quoting or escaping. An attacker can craft a cpio archive containing… | ||
| CVE-2026-70609 | Med | 0.30 | 5.7 | 0.00 | Aug 5, 2026 | Electron is a framework for writing cross-platform desktop applications using JavaScript, HTML and CSS. Prior to 39.8.7, 40.9.0, 41.2.0, and 42.0.0-beta.1, the mode option of webContents.openDevTools() was not sanitized before use by the DevTools frontend. If an attacker can… | ||
| CVE-2026-25230 | Med | 0.30 | 4.6 | 0.00 | Feb 9, 2026 | FileRise is a self-hosted web file manager / WebDAV server. Prior to 3.3.0, an HTML Injection vulnerability allows an authenticated user to modify the DOM and add e.g. form elements that call certain endpoints or link elements that redirect the user on active interaction. This… | ||
| CVE-2025-66488 | Med | 0.30 | 4.6 | 0.00 | Jan 28, 2026 | Discourse is an open source discussion platform. A vulnerability present in versions prior to 3.5.4, 2025.11.2, 2025.12.1, and 2026.1.0 affects anyone who uses S3 for uploads. While scripts may be executed, they will only be run in the context of the S3/CDN domain, with no site… | ||
| CVE-2023-3481 | Med | 0.30 | 5.7 | 0.00 | Aug 21, 2023 | Critters versions 0.0.17-0.0.19 have an issue when parsing the HTML, which leads to a potential cross-site scripting (XSS) bug. We recommend upgrading to version 0.0.20 of the extension. | ||
| CVE-2026-47768 | Med | 0.29 | 5.5 | 0.00 | Jul 28, 2026 | nebula-mesh is a self-hosted control plane for Slack Nebula mesh virtual private network. Prior to version 0.3.2, newly-minted operator API key exposed in redirect URL (Referer, history, proxy logs). This issue has been patched in version 0.3.2. | ||
| CVE-2026-6058 | Med | 0.29 | 4.5 | 0.00 | Apr 21, 2026 | ** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** An improper encoding or escaping vulnerability in the CGI program of Zyxel WRE6505 v2 firmware version V1.00(ABDV.3)C0 could allow an adjacent attacker on the WLAN to cause a denial-of-service (DoS) condition in the web management interface by… | ||
| CVE-2026-64647 | Med | 0.28 | 5.4 | 0.00 | Jul 27, 2026 | Next.js is a React framework for building full-stack web applications. In versions 12.0.0 through 15.5.20 and 16.0.0 through 16.2.10, a server-side fetch with a request body may return a cached response body from a different request to the same URL but different body.… | ||
| CVE-2026-46637 | Med | 0.28 | 5.4 | 0.00 | Jul 14, 2026 | Twig is a template language for PHP. Prior to 3.26.0, several filters in twig/markdown-extra and twig/cssinliner-extra are registered with is_safe => [all], causing Twig to treat plain text or HTML output as safe in HTML, JavaScript, CSS, URL, and other contexts where the output… | ||
| CVE-2026-46628 | Med | 0.28 | 5.4 | 0.00 | Jul 14, 2026 | Twig is a template language for PHP. Prior to 3.26.0, the deprecated spaceless filter is registered as safe for HTML, causing Twig autoescaping to emit attacker-controlled markup unescaped when spaceless is applied to untrusted input. This issue is fixed in version 3.26.0. | ||
| CVE-2026-44429 | Med | 0.28 | 5.4 | 0.00 | May 14, 2026 | The MCP Registry provides MCP clients with a list of MCP servers, like an app store for MCP servers. Prior to 1.7.7, the public catalogue UI served at GET / (file internal/api/handlers/v0/ui_index.html) is vulnerable to stored cross-site scripting via the server.websiteUrl field… | ||
| CVE-2026-41318 | Med | 0.28 | 5.4 | 0.00 | Apr 24, 2026 | AnythingLLM is an application that turns pieces of content into context that any LLM can use as references during chatting. Prior to version 1.12.1, AnythingLLM's in-chat markdown renderer has an unsafe custom rule for images that interpolates the markdown image's `alt` text… |
- risk 0.31cvss —epss 0.00
diff‑so‑fancy does not properly sanitize non‑SGR terminal control sequences before outputting diff data. The application only strips ANSI SGR sequences while allowing other control characters, including carriage return (\r) and escape sequences (e.g., OSC, CSI), to pass…
- risk 0.31cvss 5.9epss 0.01
Improper encoding of non-finite floating-point values during MapMessage JSON serialization in Apache Log4j API produces output that is not valid JSON. This issue affects Apache Log4j API versions 2.13.1 through 2.25.4 and version 2.26.0. The fix for CVE-2026-34481 did not cover…
- risk 0.31cvss 4.8epss 0.00
CtrlPanel is open-source billing software for hosting providers. Versions 1.1.1 and prior contain a Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in the admin role management interface. In app/Http/Controllers/Admin/RoleController.php, the datatable() method…
- risk 0.31cvss 5.8epss 0.00
FreeScout is a free self-hosted help desk and shared mailbox. Prior to version 1.8.213, an unauthenticated attacker can inject arbitrary HTML into outgoing emails generated by FreeScout by sending an email with a crafted From display name. The name is stored in the database…
- risk 0.31cvss 4.8epss 0.00
ChurchCRM is an open-source church management system. In versions prior to 7.2.0, the User Editor (UserEditor.php) renders stored usernames directly into an HTML input value attribute without applying htmlspecialchars(). An administrator can save a username containing HTML…
- risk 0.31cvss 5.9epss 0.00
SuiteCRM is an open-source, enterprise-ready Customer Relationship Management (CRM) software application. Prior to versions 7.15.1 and 8.9.3, the value of the return_id request parameter is copied into the value of an HTML tag attribute which is an event handler and is…
- risk 0.31cvss 4.8epss 0.00
The EventON WordPress plugin before 4.5.5, EventON WordPress plugin before 2.2.7 does not sanitize and escape some of its settings, which could allow high privilege users such as admin to perform Stored Cross-Site Scripting attacks even when the unfiltered_html capability is…
- risk 0.31cvss 5.8epss 0.01
Improper input validation in all versions of GitLab CE/EE using sendmail to send emails allowed an attacker to steal environment variables via specially crafted email addresses.
- risk 0.30cvss —epss 0.00
GNU cpio is vulnerable to improper encoding or escaping of output in its archive member listing functionality. When listing archive members via cpio -it, member names are printed directly to output without quoting or escaping. An attacker can craft a cpio archive containing…
- risk 0.30cvss 5.7epss 0.00
Electron is a framework for writing cross-platform desktop applications using JavaScript, HTML and CSS. Prior to 39.8.7, 40.9.0, 41.2.0, and 42.0.0-beta.1, the mode option of webContents.openDevTools() was not sanitized before use by the DevTools frontend. If an attacker can…
- risk 0.30cvss 4.6epss 0.00
FileRise is a self-hosted web file manager / WebDAV server. Prior to 3.3.0, an HTML Injection vulnerability allows an authenticated user to modify the DOM and add e.g. form elements that call certain endpoints or link elements that redirect the user on active interaction. This…
- risk 0.30cvss 4.6epss 0.00
Discourse is an open source discussion platform. A vulnerability present in versions prior to 3.5.4, 2025.11.2, 2025.12.1, and 2026.1.0 affects anyone who uses S3 for uploads. While scripts may be executed, they will only be run in the context of the S3/CDN domain, with no site…
- risk 0.30cvss 5.7epss 0.00
Critters versions 0.0.17-0.0.19 have an issue when parsing the HTML, which leads to a potential cross-site scripting (XSS) bug. We recommend upgrading to version 0.0.20 of the extension.
- risk 0.29cvss 5.5epss 0.00
nebula-mesh is a self-hosted control plane for Slack Nebula mesh virtual private network. Prior to version 0.3.2, newly-minted operator API key exposed in redirect URL (Referer, history, proxy logs). This issue has been patched in version 0.3.2.
- risk 0.29cvss 4.5epss 0.00
** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** An improper encoding or escaping vulnerability in the CGI program of Zyxel WRE6505 v2 firmware version V1.00(ABDV.3)C0 could allow an adjacent attacker on the WLAN to cause a denial-of-service (DoS) condition in the web management interface by…
- risk 0.28cvss 5.4epss 0.00
Next.js is a React framework for building full-stack web applications. In versions 12.0.0 through 15.5.20 and 16.0.0 through 16.2.10, a server-side fetch with a request body may return a cached response body from a different request to the same URL but different body.…
- risk 0.28cvss 5.4epss 0.00
Twig is a template language for PHP. Prior to 3.26.0, several filters in twig/markdown-extra and twig/cssinliner-extra are registered with is_safe => [all], causing Twig to treat plain text or HTML output as safe in HTML, JavaScript, CSS, URL, and other contexts where the output…
- risk 0.28cvss 5.4epss 0.00
Twig is a template language for PHP. Prior to 3.26.0, the deprecated spaceless filter is registered as safe for HTML, causing Twig autoescaping to emit attacker-controlled markup unescaped when spaceless is applied to untrusted input. This issue is fixed in version 3.26.0.
- risk 0.28cvss 5.4epss 0.00
The MCP Registry provides MCP clients with a list of MCP servers, like an app store for MCP servers. Prior to 1.7.7, the public catalogue UI served at GET / (file internal/api/handlers/v0/ui_index.html) is vulnerable to stored cross-site scripting via the server.websiteUrl field…
- risk 0.28cvss 5.4epss 0.00
AnythingLLM is an application that turns pieces of content into context that any LLM can use as references during chatting. Prior to version 1.12.1, AnythingLLM's in-chat markdown renderer has an unsafe custom rule for images that interpolates the markdown image's `alt` text…