CWE-116
Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
Description
The product prepares a structured message for communication with another component, but encoding or escaping of the data is either missing or done incorrectly. As a result, the intended structure of the message is not preserved.
Hierarchy (View 1000)
Related attack patterns (CAPEC)
CAPEC-104 · CAPEC-73 · CAPEC-81 · CAPEC-85
CVEs mapped to this weakness (510)
page 18 of 26| CVE | Vendor / Product | Sev | Risk | CVSS | EPSS | KEV | Published | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2026-40302 | Med | 0.33 | 6.1 | 0.00 | Apr 17, 2026 | zrok is software for sharing web services, files, and network resources. Prior to version 2.0.1, the proxyUi template engine uses Go's text/template (which performs no HTML escaping) instead of html/template. The GitHub OAuth callback handlers in both publicProxy and… | ||
| CVE-2026-33758 | Med | 0.33 | 6.1 | 0.00 | Mar 27, 2026 | OpenBao is an open source identity-based secrets management system. Prior to version 2.5.2, OpenBao installations that have an OIDC/JWT authentication method enabled and a role with `callback_mode=direct` configured are vulnerable to XSS via the `error_description` parameter on… | ||
| CVE-2026-28499 | Med | 0.33 | 6.1 | 0.00 | Mar 18, 2026 | LeafKit is a templating language with Swift-inspired syntax. Prior to version 1.14.2, HTML escaping doesn't work correctly when a template prints a collection (Array / Dictionary) via `#(value)`. This can result in XSS, allowing potentially untrusted input to be rendered… | ||
| CVE-2026-31859 | Med | 0.33 | 6.1 | 0.00 | Mar 11, 2026 | Craft is a content management system (CMS). The fix for CVE-2025-35939 in craftcms/cms introduced a strip_tags() call in src/web/User.php to sanitize return URLs before they are stored in the session. However, strip_tags() only removes HTML tags (angle brackets) -- it does not… | ||
| CVE-2026-28350 | Med | 0.33 | 6.1 | 0.00 | Mar 5, 2026 | lxml_html_clean is a project for HTML cleaning functionalities copied from `lxml.html.clean`. Prior to version 0.4.4, the tag passes through the default Cleaner configuration. While page_structure=True removes html, head, and title tags, there is no specific handling for… | ||
| CVE-2026-28348 | Med | 0.33 | 6.1 | 0.00 | Mar 5, 2026 | lxml_html_clean is a project for HTML cleaning functionalities copied from `lxml.html.clean`. Prior to version 0.4.4, the _has_sneaky_javascript() method strips backslashes before checking for dangerous CSS keywords. This causes CSS Unicode escape sequences to bypass the @import… | ||
| CVE-2026-27116 | Med | 0.33 | 6.1 | 0.00 | Feb 25, 2026 | Vikunja is an open-source self-hosted task management platform. Prior to version 2.0.0, a reflected HTML injection vulnerability exists in the Projects module where the `filter` URL parameter is rendered into the DOM without output encoding when the user clicks "Filter." While… | ||
| CVE-2026-27469 | Med | 0.33 | 6.1 | 0.00 | Feb 21, 2026 | Isso is a lightweight commenting server written in Python and JavaScript. In commits before 0afbfe0691ee237963e8fb0b2ee01c9e55ca2144, there is a stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability affecting the website and author comment fields. The website field was HTML-escaped… | ||
| CVE-2026-25543 | Med | 0.33 | 6.1 | 0.00 | Feb 4, 2026 | HtmlSanitizer is a .NET library for cleaning HTML fragments and documents from constructs that can lead to XSS attacks. Prior to versions 9.0.892 and 9.1.893-beta, if the template tag is allowed, its contents are not sanitized. The template tag is a special tag that does not… | ||
| CVE-2025-13742 | Med | 0.33 | 6.1 | 0.00 | Nov 27, 2025 | Emails sent by pretix can utilize placeholders that will be filled with customer data. For example, when {name} is used in an email template, it will be replaced with the buyer's name for the final email. If the name of the attendee contained HTML or Markdown formatting, this… | ||
| CVE-2025-34141 | Med | 0.33 | — | 0.02 | Jul 22, 2025 | A reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in ETQ Reliance CG (legacy) platform within the `SQLConverterServlet` component. This vulnerability requires user interaction, such as clicking a crafted link, and may result in execution of unauthorized scripts in the… | ||
| CVE-2024-31868 | Med | 0.33 | 6.1 | 0.01 | Apr 9, 2024 | Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output vulnerability in Apache Zeppelin. The attackers can modify helium.json and exposure XSS attacks to normal users. This issue affects Apache Zeppelin: from 0.8.2 before 0.11.1. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 0.11.1, which… | ||
| CVE-2021-39027 | Med | 0.33 | 5.0 | 0.00 | May 6, 2022 | IBM Guardium Data Encryption (GDE) 4.0.0 and 5.0.0 prepares a structured message for communication with another component, but encoding or escaping of the data is either missing or done incorrectly. As a result, the intended structure of the message is not preserved. IBM X-Force… | ||
| CVE-2021-21684 | Med | 0.33 | 6.1 | 0.01 | Oct 6, 2021 | Jenkins Git Plugin 4.8.2 and earlier does not escape the Git SHA-1 checksum parameters provided to commit notifications when displaying them in a build cause, resulting in a stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability. | ||
| CVE-2021-34630 | Med | 0.33 | 5.0 | 0.02 | Jul 30, 2021 | In the Pro and Enterprise versions of GTranslate < 2.8.65, the gtranslate_request_uri_var function runs at the top of all pages and echoes out the contents of $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']. Although this uses addslashes, and most modern browsers automatically URLencode requests, this… | ||
| CVE-2017-18892 | Med | 0.33 | 6.1 | 0.01 | Jun 19, 2020 | An issue was discovered in Mattermost Server before 4.2.0, 4.1.1, and 4.0.5. E-mail templates can have a field in which HTML content is not neutralized. | ||
| CVE-2025-25029 | Med | 0.32 | 4.9 | 0.00 | May 28, 2025 | IBM Security Guardium 12.0 could allow a privileged user to download any file on the system due to improper escaping of input. | ||
| CVE-2024-22356 | Med | 0.32 | 4.9 | 0.01 | Mar 26, 2024 | IBM App Connect Enterprise 11.0.0.1 through 11.0.0.23, 12.0.1.0 through 12.0.9.0 and IBM Integration Bus for z/OS 10.1 through 10.1.0.2store potentially sensitive information in log or trace files that could be read by a privileged user. IBM X-Force ID: 280893. | ||
| CVE-2021-40694 | Med | 0.32 | 4.9 | 0.01 | Sep 29, 2022 | Insufficient escaping of the LaTeX preamble made it possible for site administrators to read files available to the HTTP server system account. | ||
| CVE-2022-0210 | Med | 0.32 | 4.8 | 0.04 | Jan 18, 2022 | The Random Banner WordPress plugin is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting due to insufficient escaping via the category parameter found in the ~/include/models/model.php file which allowed attackers with administrative user access to inject arbitrary web scripts, in… |
- risk 0.33cvss 6.1epss 0.00
zrok is software for sharing web services, files, and network resources. Prior to version 2.0.1, the proxyUi template engine uses Go's text/template (which performs no HTML escaping) instead of html/template. The GitHub OAuth callback handlers in both publicProxy and…
- risk 0.33cvss 6.1epss 0.00
OpenBao is an open source identity-based secrets management system. Prior to version 2.5.2, OpenBao installations that have an OIDC/JWT authentication method enabled and a role with `callback_mode=direct` configured are vulnerable to XSS via the `error_description` parameter on…
- risk 0.33cvss 6.1epss 0.00
LeafKit is a templating language with Swift-inspired syntax. Prior to version 1.14.2, HTML escaping doesn't work correctly when a template prints a collection (Array / Dictionary) via `#(value)`. This can result in XSS, allowing potentially untrusted input to be rendered…
- risk 0.33cvss 6.1epss 0.00
Craft is a content management system (CMS). The fix for CVE-2025-35939 in craftcms/cms introduced a strip_tags() call in src/web/User.php to sanitize return URLs before they are stored in the session. However, strip_tags() only removes HTML tags (angle brackets) -- it does not…
- risk 0.33cvss 6.1epss 0.00
lxml_html_clean is a project for HTML cleaning functionalities copied from `lxml.html.clean`. Prior to version 0.4.4, the tag passes through the default Cleaner configuration. While page_structure=True removes html, head, and title tags, there is no specific handling for…
- risk 0.33cvss 6.1epss 0.00
lxml_html_clean is a project for HTML cleaning functionalities copied from `lxml.html.clean`. Prior to version 0.4.4, the _has_sneaky_javascript() method strips backslashes before checking for dangerous CSS keywords. This causes CSS Unicode escape sequences to bypass the @import…
- risk 0.33cvss 6.1epss 0.00
Vikunja is an open-source self-hosted task management platform. Prior to version 2.0.0, a reflected HTML injection vulnerability exists in the Projects module where the `filter` URL parameter is rendered into the DOM without output encoding when the user clicks "Filter." While…
- risk 0.33cvss 6.1epss 0.00
Isso is a lightweight commenting server written in Python and JavaScript. In commits before 0afbfe0691ee237963e8fb0b2ee01c9e55ca2144, there is a stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability affecting the website and author comment fields. The website field was HTML-escaped…
- risk 0.33cvss 6.1epss 0.00
HtmlSanitizer is a .NET library for cleaning HTML fragments and documents from constructs that can lead to XSS attacks. Prior to versions 9.0.892 and 9.1.893-beta, if the template tag is allowed, its contents are not sanitized. The template tag is a special tag that does not…
- risk 0.33cvss 6.1epss 0.00
Emails sent by pretix can utilize placeholders that will be filled with customer data. For example, when {name} is used in an email template, it will be replaced with the buyer's name for the final email. If the name of the attendee contained HTML or Markdown formatting, this…
- risk 0.33cvss —epss 0.02
A reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in ETQ Reliance CG (legacy) platform within the `SQLConverterServlet` component. This vulnerability requires user interaction, such as clicking a crafted link, and may result in execution of unauthorized scripts in the…
- risk 0.33cvss 6.1epss 0.01
Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output vulnerability in Apache Zeppelin. The attackers can modify helium.json and exposure XSS attacks to normal users. This issue affects Apache Zeppelin: from 0.8.2 before 0.11.1. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 0.11.1, which…
- risk 0.33cvss 5.0epss 0.00
IBM Guardium Data Encryption (GDE) 4.0.0 and 5.0.0 prepares a structured message for communication with another component, but encoding or escaping of the data is either missing or done incorrectly. As a result, the intended structure of the message is not preserved. IBM X-Force…
- risk 0.33cvss 6.1epss 0.01
Jenkins Git Plugin 4.8.2 and earlier does not escape the Git SHA-1 checksum parameters provided to commit notifications when displaying them in a build cause, resulting in a stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability.
- risk 0.33cvss 5.0epss 0.02
In the Pro and Enterprise versions of GTranslate < 2.8.65, the gtranslate_request_uri_var function runs at the top of all pages and echoes out the contents of $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']. Although this uses addslashes, and most modern browsers automatically URLencode requests, this…
- risk 0.33cvss 6.1epss 0.01
An issue was discovered in Mattermost Server before 4.2.0, 4.1.1, and 4.0.5. E-mail templates can have a field in which HTML content is not neutralized.
- risk 0.32cvss 4.9epss 0.00
IBM Security Guardium 12.0 could allow a privileged user to download any file on the system due to improper escaping of input.
- risk 0.32cvss 4.9epss 0.01
IBM App Connect Enterprise 11.0.0.1 through 11.0.0.23, 12.0.1.0 through 12.0.9.0 and IBM Integration Bus for z/OS 10.1 through 10.1.0.2store potentially sensitive information in log or trace files that could be read by a privileged user. IBM X-Force ID: 280893.
- risk 0.32cvss 4.9epss 0.01
Insufficient escaping of the LaTeX preamble made it possible for site administrators to read files available to the HTTP server system account.
- risk 0.32cvss 4.8epss 0.04
The Random Banner WordPress plugin is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting due to insufficient escaping via the category parameter found in the ~/include/models/model.php file which allowed attackers with administrative user access to inject arbitrary web scripts, in…