VYPR

CWE-441

Unintended Proxy or Intermediary ('Confused Deputy')

ClassDraft

Description

The product receives a request, message, or directive from an upstream component, but the product does not sufficiently preserve the original source of the request before forwarding the request to an external actor that is outside of the product's control sphere. This causes the product to appear to be the source of the request, leading it to act as a proxy or other intermediary between the upstream component and the external actor.

Hierarchy (View 1000)

Parents

Related attack patterns (CAPEC)

CAPEC-219 · CAPEC-465

CVEs mapped to this weakness (165)

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  • CVE-2026-73424MedAug 17, 2026
    risk 0.35cvss 6.5epss 0.00

    Astro is a web framework for content-driven websites. From 10.0.3 until 11.0.3, the Astro Vercel adapter in packages/integrations/vercel/src/serverless/entrypoint.ts accepts x_astro_path for the public /_isr function based only on the x-vercel-isr header, allowing…

  • CVE-2026-49086MedJul 6, 2026
    risk 0.35cvss 6.5epss 0.01

    Improper Input Validation, Unintended Proxy or Intermediary ('Confused Deputy') vulnerability in Apache Camel DAPR component. The camel-dapr Dapr Pub/Sub consumer (DaprPubSubConsumer) copied two fields from each inbound CloudEvent - its Pub/Sub component name and its topic -…

  • CVE-2026-33768MedMar 24, 2026
    risk 0.35cvss 6.5epss 0.00

    Astro is a web framework. Prior to version 10.0.2, the @astrojs/vercel serverless entrypoint reads the x-astro-path header and x_astro_path query parameter to rewrite the internal request path, with no authentication whatsoever. On deployments without Edge Middleware, this lets…

  • CVE-2024-34068MedMay 3, 2024
    risk 0.35cvss 6.4epss 0.00

    Pterodactyl wings is the server control plane for Pterodactyl Panel. An authenticated user who has access to a game server is able to bypass the previously implemented access control (GHSA-6rg3-8h8x-5xfv) that prevents accessing internal endpoints of the node hosting Wings in…

  • CVE-2026-87453MedSep 9, 2026
    risk 0.34cvss 5.3epss 0.00

    Confused deputy in BackgroundFetch in Google Chrome prior to 153.0.8010.36 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to leak sensitive information via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)

  • CVE-2026-84329MedSep 2, 2026
    risk 0.34cvss 5.3epss 0.00

    Confused deputy in CredentialProvider in Google Chrome on on Windows prior to 152.0.7977.75 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to leak sensitive information via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)

  • CVE-2026-63643MedAug 18, 2026
    risk 0.34cvss —epss 0.00

    MagicMirror² is an open source modular smart mirror platform. Prior to 2.37.0, the ADD_CALENDAR handler in defaultmodules/calendar/node_helper.js accepts an attacker-controlled URL, authentication data, and selfSignedCert setting through the unauthenticated Socket.IO namespace…

  • CVE-2026-54663MedJul 29, 2026
    risk 0.33cvss 6.1epss 0.00

    swagger-typescript-api generates API clients for Fetch or Axios from OpenAPI specifications. Prior to 13.12.2, src/resolved-swagger-schema.ts warmUpRemoteSchemasCache resolves external $ref URLs and fetchRemoteSchemaDocument uses isHttpUrl to fetch any http or https target…

  • CVE-2026-50169MedJun 22, 2026
    risk 0.33cvss 6.1epss 0.00

    Angular is a development platform for building mobile and desktop web applications using TypeScript/JavaScript and other languages. Prior to 22.0.0-rc.2, 21.2.15 20.3.22, and 19.2.23, an issue in the @angular/service-worker package compromises the integrity of request-policy…

  • CVE-2026-27124MedApr 3, 2026
    risk 0.33cvss 6.1epss 0.00

    FastMCP is the standard framework for building MCP applications. Prior to version 3.2.0, while testing the GitHubProvider OAuth integration, which allows authentication to a FastMCP MCP server via a FastMCP OAuthProxy using GitHub OAuth, it was discovered that the FastMCP…

  • CVE-2025-48551MedSep 4, 2025
    risk 0.33cvss 5.0epss 0.00

    In multiple locations, there is a possible leak of an image across the Android User isolation boundary due to a confused deputy. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.

  • CVE-2026-50022MedSep 17, 2026
    risk 0.31cvss 5.8epss 0.00

    Metacat is data repository software that helps researchers preserve, share, and discover data. Prior to 3.4.2, MetacatSolrIndex.query forwards the client-controlled qt parameter through Apache SolrJ from search endpoints such as /d1/mn/v2/query/solr/ to its privileged Solr…

  • CVE-2026-91742MedSep 15, 2026
    risk 0.31cvss 4.8epss 0.00

    Confused deputy in PriceTracking in Google Chrome on on iOS prior to 153.0.8010.47 allowed a remote attacker leveraging social engineering to bypass system access restrictions into a privileged page via crafted network traffic. (Chromium security severity: Medium)

  • CVE-2025-61780MedOct 10, 2025
    risk 0.31cvss 5.8epss 0.01

    Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Prior to versions 2.2.20, 3.1.18, and 3.2.3, a possible information disclosure vulnerability existed in `Rack::Sendfile` when running behind a proxy that supports `x-sendfile` headers (such as Nginx). Specially crafted headers could…

  • CVE-2026-0183MedSep 15, 2026
    risk 0.29cvss 4.4epss 0.00

    In CPM, there is a possible information disclosure due to a confused deputy. This could lead to local information disclosure with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

  • CVE-2026-41365MedApr 28, 2026
    risk 0.28cvss 5.4epss 0.00

    OpenClaw before 2026.3.31 contains a sender allowlist bypass vulnerability in MS Teams thread history fetched via Graph API. Attackers can retrieve thread messages that should be filtered by sender allowlists, bypassing message filtering restrictions.

  • CVE-2025-66415MedDec 1, 2025
    risk 0.28cvss 5.4epss 0.00

    fastify-reply-from is a Fastify plugin to forward the current HTTP request to another server. Prior to 12.5.0, by crafting a malicious URL, an attacker could access routes that are not allowed, even though the reply.from is defined for specific routes in @fastify/reply-from.…

  • CVE-2024-9870MedFeb 12, 2025
    risk 0.28cvss 4.3epss 0.00

    An external service interaction vulnerability in GitLab EE affecting all versions from 15.11 prior to 17.6.5, 17.7 prior to 17.7.4, and 17.8 prior to 17.8.2 allows an attacker to send requests from the GitLab server to unintended services.

  • CVE-2015-10003MedJul 17, 2022
    risk 0.28cvss 4.3epss 0.01

    A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in FileZilla Server up to 0.9.50. This affects an unknown part of the component PORT Handler. The manipulation leads to unintended intermediary. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. Upgrading to version…

  • CVE-2026-87502MedSep 9, 2026
    risk 0.27cvss 4.2epss 0.00

    Confused deputy in Fullscreen in Google Chrome prior to 153.0.8010.36 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process and leveraged social engineering to spoof UI elements via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)