VYPR

CWE-294

Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay

BaseIncompleteLikelihood: High

Description

A capture-replay flaw exists when the design of the product makes it possible for a malicious user to sniff network traffic and bypass authentication by replaying it to the server in question to the same effect as the original message (or with minor changes).

Capture-replay attacks are common and can be difficult to defeat without cryptography. They are a subset of network injection attacks that rely on observing previously-sent valid commands, then changing them slightly if necessary and resending the same commands to the server.

Hierarchy (View 1000)

Parents

Children

none

Related attack patterns (CAPEC)

CAPEC-102 · CAPEC-509 · CAPEC-555 · CAPEC-561 · CAPEC-60 · CAPEC-644 · CAPEC-645 · CAPEC-652 · CAPEC-701 · CAPEC-94

CVEs mapped to this weakness (290)

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  • CVE-2022-43704MedJan 20, 2023
    risk 0.38cvss 5.9epss 0.02

    The Sinilink XY-WFT1 WiFi Remote Thermostat, running firmware 1.3.6, allows an attacker to bypass the intended requirement to communicate using MQTT. It is possible to replay Sinilink aka SINILINK521 protocol (udp/1024) commands interfacing directly with the target device. This,…

  • CVE-2021-22267MedFeb 9, 2021
    risk 0.38cvss 5.9epss 0.01

    Idelji Web ViewPoint Suite, as used in conjunction with HPE NonStop, allows a remote replay attack for T0320L01^ABP through T0320L01^ABZ, T0952L01^AAH through T0952L01^AAR, T0986L01 through T0986L01^AAF, T0665L01^AAP, and T0662L01^AAP (L) and T0320H01^ABO through T0320H01^ABY,…

  • CVE-2020-9438MedJun 23, 2020
    risk 0.38cvss 5.9epss 0.01

    Tinxy Door Lock with firmware before 3.2 allow attackers to unlock a door by replaying an Unlock request that occurred when the attacker was previously authorized. In other words, door-access revocation is mishandled.

  • CVE-2026-94112MedSep 20, 2026
    risk 0.37cvss 6.8epss —

    mayswind ezBookkeeping before 2.0.0 fails to invalidate TOTP passcodes after use, allowing attackers to replay captured codes within the acceptance window. Attackers with stolen credentials can authenticate and reuse a captured passcode against multiple authorization attempts…

  • CVE-2026-55088MedAug 19, 2026
    risk 0.37cvss 6.8epss 0.00

    Etherpad is a real-time collaborative editor. From 2.6.0 until 3.1.0, Etherpad's src/node/hooks/express/tokenTransfer.ts uses POST /tokenTransfer to store an author token for transfer between browsers and exposes it through GET /tokenTransfer/{uuid}. Although the record includes…

  • CVE-2026-37982MedMay 19, 2026
    risk 0.37cvss 6.8epss 0.00

    A flaw was found in Keycloak. This authentication vulnerability allows a remote attacker to replay `ExecuteActionsActionToken` tokens within Keycloak's WebAuthn (Web Authentication) flow. By intercepting an execute-actions email link, an attacker can register their own…

  • CVE-2026-27855MedMar 27, 2026
    risk 0.37cvss 6.8epss 0.00

    Dovecot OTP authentication is vulnerable to replay attack under specific conditions. If auth cache is enabled, and username is altered in passdb, then OTP credentials can be cached so that same OTP reply is valid. An attacker able to observe an OTP exchange is able to log in as…

  • CVE-2022-47930MedApr 21, 2023
    risk 0.37cvss 6.8epss 0.01

    An issue was discovered in IO FinNet tss-lib before 2.0.0. The parameter ssid for defining a session id is not used through the MPC implementation, which makes replaying and spoofing of messages easier. In particular, the Schnorr proof of knowledge implemented in sch.go does not…

  • CVE-2020-27269MedJan 19, 2021
    risk 0.37cvss 5.7epss 0.01

    In SOOIL Developments Co., Ltd Diabecare RS, AnyDana-i and AnyDana-A, the communication protocol of the insulin pump and its AnyDana-i and AnyDana-A mobile applications lacks replay protection measures, which allows unauthenticated, physically proximate attackers to replay…

  • CVE-2019-9158MedJun 5, 2019
    risk 0.37cvss 5.7epss 0.01

    Gemalto DS3 Authentication Server 2.6.1-SP01 has Broken Access Control.

  • CVE-2025-6533MedJun 24, 2025
    risk 0.36cvss 5.6epss 0.01

    A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in xxyopen/201206030 novel-plus up to 5.1.3. Affected by this issue is the function ajaxLogin of the file novel-admin/src/main/java/com/java2nb/system/controller/LoginController.java of the component CATCHA…

  • CVE-2018-7356MedNov 1, 2018
    risk 0.36cvss 5.6epss 0.01

    All versions up to V3.03.10.B23P2 of ZTE ZXR10 8905E product are impacted by TCP Initial Sequence Number (ISN) reuse vulnerability, which can generate easily predictable ISN, and allows remote attackers to spoof connections.

  • CVE-2026-84306MedSep 1, 2026
    risk 0.35cvss 6.5epss 0.00

    Filament is a collection of full-stack components for accelerated Laravel development. From 4.0.0 until 4.12.6 and 5.7.6, packages/panels/src/Auth/MultiFactor/App/AppAuthentication.php uses AppAuthentication::verifyCode() with a used-code cache key derived from both the app…

  • CVE-2026-13734MedAug 28, 2026
    risk 0.35cvss 6.5epss 0.00

    Zephyr's WireGuard VPN data-plane receive handler wg_process_data_message() in subsys/net/lib/wireguard/wg_crypto.c validated the anti-replay counter too late. After AEAD decryption of a MESSAGE_TRANSPORT_DATA packet succeeded, the code committed several peer-state changes —…

  • CVE-2026-72780MedAug 11, 2026
    risk 0.35cvss 6.5epss 0.00

    Craft CMS before 5.10.5 fails to persist updated credential counters after WebAuthn assertion validation in the passkey login endpoint. Attackers can replay captured login request bodies containing requestOptions and response to create additional authenticated sessions for…

  • CVE-2026-35618MedApr 9, 2026
    risk 0.35cvss 6.5epss 0.00

    OpenClaw before 2026.3.23 contains a replay identity vulnerability in Plivo V2 signature verification that allows attackers to bypass replay protection by modifying query parameters. The verification path derives replay keys from the full URL including query strings instead of…

  • CVE-2026-32053MedMar 21, 2026
    risk 0.35cvss 6.5epss 0.00

    OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.23 contain a vulnerability in Twilio webhook event deduplication where normalized event IDs are randomized per parse, allowing replay events to bypass manager dedupe checks. Attackers can replay Twilio webhook events to trigger duplicate or…

  • CVE-2026-28449MedMar 19, 2026
    risk 0.35cvss 6.5epss 0.00

    OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.25 lack durable replay state for Nextcloud Talk webhook events, allowing valid signed webhook requests to be replayed without suppression. Attackers can capture and replay previously valid signed webhook requests to trigger duplicate inbound…

  • CVE-2025-68671MedJan 15, 2026
    risk 0.35cvss 6.5epss 0.00

    lakeFS is an open-source tool that transforms object storage into a Git-like repositories. LakeFS's S3 gateway does not validate timestamps in authenticated requests, allowing replay attacks. Prior to 1.75.0, an attacker who captures a valid signed request (e.g., through network…

  • CVE-2025-69197MedJan 6, 2026
    risk 0.35cvss 6.5epss 0.00

    Pterodactyl is a free, open-source game server management panel. Versions 1.11.11 and below allow TOTP to be used multiple times during its validity window. Users with 2FA enabled are prompted to enter a token during sign-in, and afterward it is not sufficiently marked as used…