CWE-470
Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection')
Description
The product uses external input with reflection to select which classes or code to use, but it does not sufficiently prevent the input from selecting improper classes or code.
Hierarchy (View 1000)
Related attack patterns (CAPEC)
CAPEC-138
CVEs mapped to this weakness (108)
page 3 of 6| CVE | Vendor / Product | Sev | Risk | CVSS | EPSS | KEV | Published | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2022-26469 | Hig | 0.51 | 7.8 | 0.00 | Sep 6, 2022 | In MtkEmail, there is a possible escalation of privilege due to fragment injection. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07216598; Issue ID: ALPS07216598. | ||
| CVE-2018-5511 | Hig | 0.51 | 7.2 | 0.14 | Apr 13, 2018 | On F5 BIG-IP 13.1.0-13.1.0.3 or 13.0.0, when authenticated administrative users execute commands in the Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI), also referred to as the BIG-IP Configuration utility, restrictions on allowed commands may not be enforced. | ||
| CVE-2026-61599 | Hig | 0.50 | — | 0.00 | Sep 16, 2026 | djust provides Phoenix LiveView-style reactive server-side rendering for Django with Rust-powered performance. Prior to version 1.0.7, the djust live transport resolves the LiveView to mount from a client-supplied dotted path by calling `__import__(module_path, ...)`. The module… | ||
| CVE-2026-86792 | Hig | 0.50 | 8.8 | 0.01 | Sep 16, 2026 | Apache Airflow Apache Kafka provider versions 1.15.0 before 2.0.0 resolve dotted-path strings found in a Kafka connection's `extra` field into Python callables via `import_string`, with no allowlist, and hand them to the confluent-kafka client which invokes them. Deployments… | ||
| CVE-2026-79987 | Hig | 0.50 | 8.8 | 0.00 | Sep 10, 2026 | A remote, authenticated, non-admin Craft CMS Control Panel user with only the accessCp permission can execute operating system commands as the PHP web worker. | ||
| CVE-2026-65608 | Hig | 0.50 | 8.8 | 0.01 | Jul 23, 2026 | Grav versions >= 1.7.0 and before 2.0.9 contain a remote code execution vulnerability. FlexDirectory::dynamicDataField() resolves blueprint data-*@: directives by calling call_user_func_array() on attacker-influenced input, validating only that the target is callable… | ||
| CVE-2026-44174 | Hig | 0.50 | — | 0.00 | Jul 16, 2026 | Kirby is an open-source content management system. Prior to 4.9.1 and 5.4.1, Kirby did not validate the model attributes that were used in its collection queries, allowing attackers to include arbitrary model methods in their queries. This includes methods with sensitive data… | ||
| CVE-2026-44795 | Hig | 0.50 | 8.8 | 0.01 | Jul 10, 2026 | Spinnaker is an open source, multi-cloud continuous delivery platform. Prior to 2026.1.0, 2026.0.3, 2025.4.4, and 2025.3.3, unsafe YAML processing bypasses safe deserialization when using CloudFormation deployments or CloudFoundry baking. The use of a non-safe constructor allows… | ||
| CVE-2026-14380 | Hig | 0.50 | 8.8 | 0.01 | Jul 7, 2026 | DBI versions before 1.650 for Perl are vulnerable to code injection via caller-influenced Profile. When a string is assigned to a DBI handle's Profile attribute, DBI splits it into path, package and arguments, and interpolates the package part in a string eval with no… | ||
| CVE-2025-3600 | Hig | 0.50 | 7.5 | 0.24 | May 14, 2025 | In Progress® Telerik® UI for AJAX, versions 2011.2.712 to 2025.1.218, an unsafe reflection vulnerability exists that may lead to an unhandled exception resulting in a crash of the hosting process and denial of service. | ||
| CVE-2024-28121 | Hig | 0.50 | 8.8 | 0.02 | Mar 12, 2024 | stimulus_reflex is a system to extend the capabilities of both Rails and Stimulus by intercepting user interactions and passing them to Rails over real-time websockets. In affected versions more methods than expected can be called on reflex instances. Being able to call some of… | ||
| CVE-2019-10174 | Hig | 0.50 | 8.8 | 0.03 | Nov 25, 2019 | A vulnerability was found in Infinispan such that the invokeAccessibly method from the public class ReflectionUtil allows any application class to invoke private methods in any class with Infinispan's privileges. The attacker can use reflection to introduce new, malicious… | ||
| CVE-2026-10853 | Hig | 0.49 | 7.5 | 0.00 | Sep 18, 2026 | IBM MQ could allow an authenticated attacker with cluster access to cause a denial of service or potentially execute arbitrary code due to improper validation of cluster command message lengths. | ||
| CVE-2026-48517 | Hig | 0.49 | 7.5 | 0.00 | Jun 22, 2026 | MessagePack for C# is a MessagePack serializer for C#. Prior to 2.5.301 and 3.1.7, MessagePack-CSharp's typeless deserialization includes MessagePackSerializerOptions.ThrowIfDeserializingTypeIsDisallowed(Type) as a safety check for dangerous types. The default implementation… | ||
| CVE-2026-48502 | Hig | 0.49 | 7.5 | 0.00 | Jun 22, 2026 | MessagePack for C# is a MessagePack serializer for C#. Prior to 2.5.301 and 3.1.7, MessagePackReader.ReadDateTime() can allocate stack memory based on an attacker-controlled MessagePack extension length. In the slow path for timestamp extension parsing, the computed tokenSize… | ||
| CVE-2026-44011 | Hig | 0.49 | — | 0.00 | May 12, 2026 | Craft CMS is a content management system (CMS). From 4.0.0 to before 4.17.12 and 5.9.18, Craft CMS which contains an input-handling flaw in a Yii object creation path that let any authenticated user inject malicious configuration and execute arbitrary commands on the server. The… | ||
| CVE-2026-44339 | Hig | 0.49 | 8.6 | 0.00 | May 8, 2026 | PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to praisonai version 4.6.37 and praisonaiagents version 1.6.37, praisonaiagents resolves unresolved tool names against module globals and __main__ after it fails to match the declared tool list and the registry. With the default… | ||
| CVE-2020-7857 | Hig | 0.49 | 7.5 | 0.01 | Apr 20, 2021 | A vulnerability of XPlatform could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary command. This vulnerability exists due to insufficient validation of improper classes. This issue affects: Tobesoft XPlatform versions prior to 9.2.2.280. | ||
| CVE-2026-76825 | Hig | 0.48 | 8.4 | 0.01 | Sep 16, 2026 | RestrictedPython is a tool that helps define a subset of the Python language for accepting program input in a trusted environment. Prior to 8.4, RestrictedPython could allow a sandbox escape when a custom import policy or globals exposed the standard library string module, the… | ||
| CVE-2019-3834 | Hig | 0.48 | 7.3 | 0.01 | Oct 3, 2019 | It was found that the fix for CVE-2014-0114 had been reverted in JBoss Operations Network 3 (JON). This flaw allows attackers to manipulate ClassLoader properties on a vulnerable server. Exploits that have been published rely on ClassLoader properties that are exposed such as… |
- risk 0.51cvss 7.8epss 0.00
In MtkEmail, there is a possible escalation of privilege due to fragment injection. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07216598; Issue ID: ALPS07216598.
- risk 0.51cvss 7.2epss 0.14
On F5 BIG-IP 13.1.0-13.1.0.3 or 13.0.0, when authenticated administrative users execute commands in the Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI), also referred to as the BIG-IP Configuration utility, restrictions on allowed commands may not be enforced.
- risk 0.50cvss —epss 0.00
djust provides Phoenix LiveView-style reactive server-side rendering for Django with Rust-powered performance. Prior to version 1.0.7, the djust live transport resolves the LiveView to mount from a client-supplied dotted path by calling `__import__(module_path, ...)`. The module…
- risk 0.50cvss 8.8epss 0.01
Apache Airflow Apache Kafka provider versions 1.15.0 before 2.0.0 resolve dotted-path strings found in a Kafka connection's `extra` field into Python callables via `import_string`, with no allowlist, and hand them to the confluent-kafka client which invokes them. Deployments…
- risk 0.50cvss 8.8epss 0.00
A remote, authenticated, non-admin Craft CMS Control Panel user with only the accessCp permission can execute operating system commands as the PHP web worker.
- risk 0.50cvss 8.8epss 0.01
Grav versions >= 1.7.0 and before 2.0.9 contain a remote code execution vulnerability. FlexDirectory::dynamicDataField() resolves blueprint data-*@: directives by calling call_user_func_array() on attacker-influenced input, validating only that the target is callable…
- risk 0.50cvss —epss 0.00
Kirby is an open-source content management system. Prior to 4.9.1 and 5.4.1, Kirby did not validate the model attributes that were used in its collection queries, allowing attackers to include arbitrary model methods in their queries. This includes methods with sensitive data…
- risk 0.50cvss 8.8epss 0.01
Spinnaker is an open source, multi-cloud continuous delivery platform. Prior to 2026.1.0, 2026.0.3, 2025.4.4, and 2025.3.3, unsafe YAML processing bypasses safe deserialization when using CloudFormation deployments or CloudFoundry baking. The use of a non-safe constructor allows…
- risk 0.50cvss 8.8epss 0.01
DBI versions before 1.650 for Perl are vulnerable to code injection via caller-influenced Profile. When a string is assigned to a DBI handle's Profile attribute, DBI splits it into path, package and arguments, and interpolates the package part in a string eval with no…
- risk 0.50cvss 7.5epss 0.24
In Progress® Telerik® UI for AJAX, versions 2011.2.712 to 2025.1.218, an unsafe reflection vulnerability exists that may lead to an unhandled exception resulting in a crash of the hosting process and denial of service.
- risk 0.50cvss 8.8epss 0.02
stimulus_reflex is a system to extend the capabilities of both Rails and Stimulus by intercepting user interactions and passing them to Rails over real-time websockets. In affected versions more methods than expected can be called on reflex instances. Being able to call some of…
- risk 0.50cvss 8.8epss 0.03
A vulnerability was found in Infinispan such that the invokeAccessibly method from the public class ReflectionUtil allows any application class to invoke private methods in any class with Infinispan's privileges. The attacker can use reflection to introduce new, malicious…
- risk 0.49cvss 7.5epss 0.00
IBM MQ could allow an authenticated attacker with cluster access to cause a denial of service or potentially execute arbitrary code due to improper validation of cluster command message lengths.
- risk 0.49cvss 7.5epss 0.00
MessagePack for C# is a MessagePack serializer for C#. Prior to 2.5.301 and 3.1.7, MessagePack-CSharp's typeless deserialization includes MessagePackSerializerOptions.ThrowIfDeserializingTypeIsDisallowed(Type) as a safety check for dangerous types. The default implementation…
- risk 0.49cvss 7.5epss 0.00
MessagePack for C# is a MessagePack serializer for C#. Prior to 2.5.301 and 3.1.7, MessagePackReader.ReadDateTime() can allocate stack memory based on an attacker-controlled MessagePack extension length. In the slow path for timestamp extension parsing, the computed tokenSize…
- risk 0.49cvss —epss 0.00
Craft CMS is a content management system (CMS). From 4.0.0 to before 4.17.12 and 5.9.18, Craft CMS which contains an input-handling flaw in a Yii object creation path that let any authenticated user inject malicious configuration and execute arbitrary commands on the server. The…
- risk 0.49cvss 8.6epss 0.00
PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to praisonai version 4.6.37 and praisonaiagents version 1.6.37, praisonaiagents resolves unresolved tool names against module globals and __main__ after it fails to match the declared tool list and the registry. With the default…
- risk 0.49cvss 7.5epss 0.01
A vulnerability of XPlatform could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary command. This vulnerability exists due to insufficient validation of improper classes. This issue affects: Tobesoft XPlatform versions prior to 9.2.2.280.
- risk 0.48cvss 8.4epss 0.01
RestrictedPython is a tool that helps define a subset of the Python language for accepting program input in a trusted environment. Prior to 8.4, RestrictedPython could allow a sandbox escape when a custom import policy or globals exposed the standard library string module, the…
- risk 0.48cvss 7.3epss 0.01
It was found that the fix for CVE-2014-0114 had been reverted in JBoss Operations Network 3 (JON). This flaw allows attackers to manipulate ClassLoader properties on a vulnerable server. Exploits that have been published rely on ClassLoader properties that are exposed such as…