Vendor CVEs
Contao
All CVEs
46 total · sorted by risk| CVE | Vendor / Product | Sev | Risk | CVSS | EPSS | KEV | Published | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2022-26265 | Cri | 0.66 | 9.8 | 0.30 | Mar 18, 2022 | Contao Managed Edition v1.5.0 was discovered to contain a remote command execution (RCE) vulnerability via the component php_cli parameter. | ||
| CVE-2014-1860 | Cri | 0.57 | 9.8 | 0.04 | Jan 8, 2020 | Contao CMS through 3.2.4 has PHP Object Injection Vulnerabilities | ||
| CVE-2019-19745 | Hig | 0.57 | 8.8 | 0.01 | Dec 17, 2019 | Contao 4.0 through 4.8.5 allows PHP local file inclusion. A back end user with access to the form generator can upload arbitrary files and execute them on the server. | ||
| CVE-2019-11512 | Cri | 0.57 | 9.8 | 0.01 | Jul 9, 2019 | Contao 4.x allows SQL Injection. Fixed in Contao 4.4.39 and Contao 4.7.5. | ||
| CVE-2017-16558 | Cri | 0.57 | 9.8 | 0.02 | Apr 25, 2019 | Contao 3.0.0 to 3.5.30 and 4.0.0 to 4.4.7 contains an SQL injection vulnerability in the back end as well as in the listing module. | ||
| CVE-2019-10643 | Cri | 0.57 | 9.8 | 0.01 | Apr 17, 2019 | Contao 4.7 allows Use of a Key Past its Expiration Date. | ||
| CVE-2019-10641 | Cri | 0.57 | 9.8 | 0.01 | Apr 17, 2019 | Contao before 3.5.39 and 4.x before 4.7.3 has a Weak Password Recovery Mechanism for a Forgotten Password. | ||
| CVE-2017-10993 | Hig | 0.57 | 8.8 | 0.03 | Jul 21, 2017 | Contao before 3.5.28 and 4.x before 4.4.1 allows remote attackers to include and execute arbitrary local PHP files via a crafted parameter in a URL, aka Directory Traversal. | ||
| CVE-2021-37627 | Hig | 0.52 | 8.0 | 0.01 | Aug 11, 2021 | Contao is an open source CMS that allows creation of websites and scalable web applications. In affected versions it is possible to gain privileged rights in the Contao back end. Installations are only affected if they have untrusted back end users who have access to the form… | ||
| CVE-2012-4383 | Hig | 0.50 | 8.8 | 0.01 | Jan 29, 2020 | contao prior to 2.11.4 has a sql injection vulnerability | ||
| CVE-2019-10642 | Hig | 0.50 | 8.8 | 0.01 | Apr 17, 2019 | Contao 4.7 allows CSRF. | ||
| CVE-2024-45398 | Hig | 0.47 | 8.3 | 0.01 | Sep 17, 2024 | Contao is an Open Source CMS. In affected versions a back end user with access to the file manager can upload malicious files and execute them on the server. Users are advised to update to Contao 4.13.49, 5.3.15 or 5.4.3. Users unable to update are advised to configure their web… | ||
| CVE-2024-28235 | Hig | 0.47 | 8.3 | 0.01 | Apr 9, 2024 | Contao is an open source content management system. Starting in version 4.9.0 and prior to versions 4.13.40 and 5.3.4, when checking for broken links on protected pages, Contao sends the cookie header to external urls as well, the passed options for the http client are used for… | ||
| CVE-2021-37626 | Hig | 0.47 | 7.2 | 0.01 | Aug 11, 2021 | Contao is an open source CMS that allows you to create websites and scalable web applications. In affected versions it is possible to load PHP files by entering insert tags in the Contao back end. Installations are only affected if they have untrusted back end users who have the… | ||
| CVE-2022-24899 | Hig | 0.40 | 7.2 | 0.04 | May 6, 2022 | Contao is a powerful open source CMS that allows you to create professional websites and scalable web applications. In versions of Contao prior to 4.13.3 it is possible to inject code into the canonical tag. As a workaround users may disable canonical tags in the root page… | ||
| CVE-2021-35210 | Med | 0.40 | 6.1 | 0.01 | Jun 23, 2021 | Contao 4.5.x through 4.9.x before 4.9.16, and 4.10.x through 4.11.x before 4.11.5, allows XSS. It is possible to inject code into the tl_log table that will be executed in the browser when the system log is called in the back end. | ||
| CVE-2018-10125 | Med | 0.40 | 6.1 | 0.01 | Mar 16, 2020 | Contao before 4.5.7 has XSS in the system log. | ||
| CVE-2025-65960 | Med | 0.36 | 6.6 | 0.00 | Nov 25, 2025 | Contao is an Open Source CMS. From version 4.0.0 to before 4.13.57, before 5.3.42, and before 5.6.5, back end users with precise control over the contents of template closures can execute arbitrary PHP functions that do not have required parameters. This issue has been patched… | ||
| CVE-2025-29790 | Med | 0.35 | 5.4 | 0.00 | Mar 18, 2025 | Contao is an Open Source CMS. Users can upload SVG files with malicious code, which is then executed in the back end and/or front end. This vulnerability is fixed in Contao 4.13.54, 5.3.30, or 5.5.6. | ||
| CVE-2024-45965 | Med | 0.35 | 6.4 | 0.00 | Oct 2, 2024 | Contao before 5.5.6 allows XSS via an SVG document. This affects (in contao/core-bundle in Composer) 4.x before 4.13.54, 5.0.x through 5.3.x before 5.3.30, and 5.4.x and 5.5..x before 5.5.6. | ||
| CVE-2023-36806 | Med | 0.35 | 6.5 | 0.01 | Jul 25, 2023 | Contao is an open source content management system. Starting in version 4.0.0 and prior to versions 4.9.42, 4.13.28, and 5.1.10, it is possible for untrusted backend users to inject malicious code into headline fields in the back end, which will be executed both in the element… | ||
| CVE-2020-25768 | Med | 0.35 | 5.3 | 0.01 | Oct 7, 2020 | Contao before 4.4.52, 4.9.x before 4.9.6, and 4.10.x before 4.10.1 have Improper Input Validation. It is possible to inject insert tags in front end forms which will be replaced when the page is rendered. | ||
| CVE-2019-19714 | Med | 0.35 | 5.3 | 0.01 | Dec 17, 2019 | Contao 4.8.4 and 4.8.5 has Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output. It is possible to inject insert tags into the login module which will be replaced when the page is rendered. | ||
| CVE-2019-19712 | Med | 0.35 | 5.3 | 0.01 | Dec 17, 2019 | Contao 4.0 through 4.8.5 has Insecure Permissions. Back end users can manipulate the details view URL to show pages and articles that have not been enabled for them. | ||
| CVE-2018-20028 | Med | 0.35 | 6.5 | 0.01 | Apr 17, 2019 | Contao 3.x before 3.5.37, 4.4.x before 4.4.31 and 4.6.x before 4.6.11 has Incorrect Access Control. | ||
| CVE-2018-5478 | Med | 0.33 | 6.1 | 0.00 | Sep 21, 2023 | Contao 3.x before 3.5.32 allows XSS via the unsubscribe module in the frontend newsletter extension. | ||
| CVE-2024-30262 | Med | 0.31 | 5.9 | 0.01 | Apr 9, 2024 | Contao is an open source content management system. Prior to version 4.13.40, when a frontend member changes their password in the personal data or the password lost module, the corresponding remember-me tokens are not removed. If someone compromises an account and is able to… | ||
| CVE-2021-35955 | Med | 0.31 | 4.8 | 0.01 | Aug 12, 2021 | Contao >=4.0.0 allows backend XSS via HTML attributes to an HTML field. Fixed in 4.4.56, 4.9.18, 4.11.7. | ||
| CVE-2024-28190 | Med | 0.28 | 5.4 | 0.01 | Apr 9, 2024 | Contao is an open source content management system. Starting in version 4.0.0 and prior to version 4.13.40 and 5.3.4, users can inject malicious code in filenames when uploading files (back end and front end), which is then executed in tooltips and popups in the back end. Contao… | ||
| CVE-2025-57757 | Med | 0.27 | 5.3 | 0.00 | Aug 28, 2025 | Contao is an Open Source CMS. In versions starting from 5.0.0 and prior to 5.3.38 and 5.6.1, if a news feed contains protected news archives, their news items are not filtered and become publicly available in the RSS feed. This issue has been patched in versions 5.3.38 and… | ||
| CVE-2025-57756 | Med | 0.27 | 5.3 | 0.00 | Aug 28, 2025 | Contao is an Open Source CMS. In versions starting from 4.9.14 and prior to 4.13.56, 5.3.38, and 5.6.1, protected content elements that are rendered as fragments are indexed and become publicly available in the front end search. This issue has been patched in versions 4.13.56,… | ||
| CVE-2024-45612 | Med | 0.27 | 5.3 | 0.00 | Sep 17, 2024 | Contao is an Open Source CMS. In affected versions an untrusted user can inject insert tags into the canonical tag, which are then replaced on the web page (front end). Users are advised to update to Contao 4.13.49, 5.3.15 or 5.4.3. Users unable to upgrade should disable… | ||
| CVE-2025-57759 | Med | 0.21 | 4.3 | 0.00 | Aug 28, 2025 | Contao is an Open Source CMS. In versions starting from 5.3.0 and prior to 5.3.38 and 5.6.1, under certain conditions, back end users may be able to edit fields of pages and articles without having the necessary permissions. This issue has been patched in versions 5.3.38 and… | ||
| CVE-2025-57758 | Med | 0.21 | 4.3 | 0.00 | Aug 28, 2025 | Contao is an Open Source CMS. In versions starting from 5.0.0 and prior to 5.3.38 and 5.6.1, the table access voter in the back end doesn't check if a user is allowed to access the corresponding module. This issue has been patched in versions 5.3.38 and 5.6.1. A workaround… | ||
| CVE-2024-45604 | Med | 0.21 | 4.3 | 0.00 | Sep 17, 2024 | Contao is an Open Source CMS. In affected versions authenticated users in the back end can list files outside the document root in the file selector widget. Users are advised to update to Contao 4.13.49. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability. | ||
| CVE-2024-28234 | Med | 0.21 | 4.3 | 0.01 | Apr 9, 2024 | Contao is an open source content management system. Starting in version 2.0.0 and prior to versions 4.13.40 and 5.3.4, it is possible to inject CSS styles via BBCode in comments. Installations are only affected if BBCode is enabled. Contao versions 4.13.40 and 5.3.4 have a patch… | ||
| CVE-2023-29200 | Med | 0.21 | 4.3 | 0.01 | Apr 25, 2023 | Contao is an open source content management system. Prior to versions 4.9.40, 4.13.21, and 5.1.4, logged in users can list arbitrary system files in the file manager by manipulating the Ajax request. However, it is not possible to read the contents of these files. Users should… | ||
| CVE-2015-0269 | Med | 0.21 | 4.3 | 0.02 | May 26, 2017 | Directory traversal vulnerability in Contao before 3.2.19, and 3.4.x before 3.4.4 allows remote authenticated "back end" users to view files outside their file mounts or the document root via unspecified vectors. | ||
| CVE-2025-65961 | Low | 0.14 | 3.3 | 0.00 | Nov 25, 2025 | Contao is an Open Source CMS. From version 4.0.0 to before 4.13.57, before 5.3.42, and before 5.6.5, it is possible to inject code into the template output that will be executed in the browser in the front end and back end. This issue has been patched in versions 4.13.57,… | ||
| CVE-2026-55825 | Low | 0.13 | 3.1 | 0.00 | Jul 31, 2026 | Contao is an Open Source CMS. In versions 5.7.0 through 5.7.6, an authenticated backend user who can access one job can request an attachment identifier containing ../ segments and make the job attachment download endpoint read a file from another job directory inside… | ||
| CVE-2026-57232 | Low | 0.13 | 3.1 | 0.00 | Jul 31, 2026 | Contao is an Open Source CMS. From 5.3.35 through 5.3.47 and from 5.7.0-RC1 through 5.7.8, the Feed Reader front-end module passes configured RSS feed URLs from FeedReaderController::getResponse() to feedIo->read() without scheme or private-address validation, allowing a backend… | ||
| CVE-2024-28191 | Low | 0.13 | 3.1 | 0.01 | Apr 9, 2024 | Contao is an open source content management system. Starting in version 4.0.0 and prior to version 4.13.40 and 5.3.4, it is possible to inject insert tags in frontend forms if the output is structured in a very specific way. Contao versions 4.13.40 and 5.3.4 have a patch for… | ||
| CVE-2026-55824 | Low | 0.10 | 2.6 | 0.00 | Jul 31, 2026 | Contao is an Open Source CMS. In versions 4.13.40 through 5.3.46 and 5.7.0-RC1 through 5.7.6, the crawler leaks auth credentials to external hosts. Contao's crawler tries to prevent confidential HTTP client options from being sent to external domains by creating a scoped client:… | ||
| CVE-2012-1297 | 0.03 | — | 0.01 | Mar 19, 2012 | Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in main.php in Contao (formerly TYPOlight) 2.11.0 and earlier allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that (1) delete users via a delete action in the user module, (2) delete… | |||
| CVE-2011-4335 | 0.03 | — | 0.02 | Nov 28, 2011 | Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in Contao before 2.10.2 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the PATH_INFO to index.php in a (1) teachers.html or (2) teachers/ action. | |||
| CVE-2011-0508 | 0.00 | — | 0.02 | Jan 20, 2011 | Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in system/modules/comments/Comments.php in Contao CMS 2.9.2, and possibly other versions before 2.9.3, allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the HTTP X_FORWARDED_FOR header, which is stored by… |
- risk 0.66cvss 9.8epss 0.30
Contao Managed Edition v1.5.0 was discovered to contain a remote command execution (RCE) vulnerability via the component php_cli parameter.
- risk 0.57cvss 9.8epss 0.04
Contao CMS through 3.2.4 has PHP Object Injection Vulnerabilities
- risk 0.57cvss 8.8epss 0.01
Contao 4.0 through 4.8.5 allows PHP local file inclusion. A back end user with access to the form generator can upload arbitrary files and execute them on the server.
- risk 0.57cvss 9.8epss 0.01
Contao 4.x allows SQL Injection. Fixed in Contao 4.4.39 and Contao 4.7.5.
- risk 0.57cvss 9.8epss 0.02
Contao 3.0.0 to 3.5.30 and 4.0.0 to 4.4.7 contains an SQL injection vulnerability in the back end as well as in the listing module.
- risk 0.57cvss 9.8epss 0.01
Contao 4.7 allows Use of a Key Past its Expiration Date.
- risk 0.57cvss 9.8epss 0.01
Contao before 3.5.39 and 4.x before 4.7.3 has a Weak Password Recovery Mechanism for a Forgotten Password.
- risk 0.57cvss 8.8epss 0.03
Contao before 3.5.28 and 4.x before 4.4.1 allows remote attackers to include and execute arbitrary local PHP files via a crafted parameter in a URL, aka Directory Traversal.
- risk 0.52cvss 8.0epss 0.01
Contao is an open source CMS that allows creation of websites and scalable web applications. In affected versions it is possible to gain privileged rights in the Contao back end. Installations are only affected if they have untrusted back end users who have access to the form…
- risk 0.50cvss 8.8epss 0.01
contao prior to 2.11.4 has a sql injection vulnerability
- risk 0.50cvss 8.8epss 0.01
Contao 4.7 allows CSRF.
- risk 0.47cvss 8.3epss 0.01
Contao is an Open Source CMS. In affected versions a back end user with access to the file manager can upload malicious files and execute them on the server. Users are advised to update to Contao 4.13.49, 5.3.15 or 5.4.3. Users unable to update are advised to configure their web…
- risk 0.47cvss 8.3epss 0.01
Contao is an open source content management system. Starting in version 4.9.0 and prior to versions 4.13.40 and 5.3.4, when checking for broken links on protected pages, Contao sends the cookie header to external urls as well, the passed options for the http client are used for…
- risk 0.47cvss 7.2epss 0.01
Contao is an open source CMS that allows you to create websites and scalable web applications. In affected versions it is possible to load PHP files by entering insert tags in the Contao back end. Installations are only affected if they have untrusted back end users who have the…
- risk 0.40cvss 7.2epss 0.04
Contao is a powerful open source CMS that allows you to create professional websites and scalable web applications. In versions of Contao prior to 4.13.3 it is possible to inject code into the canonical tag. As a workaround users may disable canonical tags in the root page…
- risk 0.40cvss 6.1epss 0.01
Contao 4.5.x through 4.9.x before 4.9.16, and 4.10.x through 4.11.x before 4.11.5, allows XSS. It is possible to inject code into the tl_log table that will be executed in the browser when the system log is called in the back end.
- risk 0.40cvss 6.1epss 0.01
Contao before 4.5.7 has XSS in the system log.
- risk 0.36cvss 6.6epss 0.00
Contao is an Open Source CMS. From version 4.0.0 to before 4.13.57, before 5.3.42, and before 5.6.5, back end users with precise control over the contents of template closures can execute arbitrary PHP functions that do not have required parameters. This issue has been patched…
- risk 0.35cvss 5.4epss 0.00
Contao is an Open Source CMS. Users can upload SVG files with malicious code, which is then executed in the back end and/or front end. This vulnerability is fixed in Contao 4.13.54, 5.3.30, or 5.5.6.
- risk 0.35cvss 6.4epss 0.00
Contao before 5.5.6 allows XSS via an SVG document. This affects (in contao/core-bundle in Composer) 4.x before 4.13.54, 5.0.x through 5.3.x before 5.3.30, and 5.4.x and 5.5..x before 5.5.6.
- risk 0.35cvss 6.5epss 0.01
Contao is an open source content management system. Starting in version 4.0.0 and prior to versions 4.9.42, 4.13.28, and 5.1.10, it is possible for untrusted backend users to inject malicious code into headline fields in the back end, which will be executed both in the element…
- risk 0.35cvss 5.3epss 0.01
Contao before 4.4.52, 4.9.x before 4.9.6, and 4.10.x before 4.10.1 have Improper Input Validation. It is possible to inject insert tags in front end forms which will be replaced when the page is rendered.
- risk 0.35cvss 5.3epss 0.01
Contao 4.8.4 and 4.8.5 has Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output. It is possible to inject insert tags into the login module which will be replaced when the page is rendered.
- risk 0.35cvss 5.3epss 0.01
Contao 4.0 through 4.8.5 has Insecure Permissions. Back end users can manipulate the details view URL to show pages and articles that have not been enabled for them.
- risk 0.35cvss 6.5epss 0.01
Contao 3.x before 3.5.37, 4.4.x before 4.4.31 and 4.6.x before 4.6.11 has Incorrect Access Control.
- risk 0.33cvss 6.1epss 0.00
Contao 3.x before 3.5.32 allows XSS via the unsubscribe module in the frontend newsletter extension.
- risk 0.31cvss 5.9epss 0.01
Contao is an open source content management system. Prior to version 4.13.40, when a frontend member changes their password in the personal data or the password lost module, the corresponding remember-me tokens are not removed. If someone compromises an account and is able to…
- risk 0.31cvss 4.8epss 0.01
Contao >=4.0.0 allows backend XSS via HTML attributes to an HTML field. Fixed in 4.4.56, 4.9.18, 4.11.7.
- risk 0.28cvss 5.4epss 0.01
Contao is an open source content management system. Starting in version 4.0.0 and prior to version 4.13.40 and 5.3.4, users can inject malicious code in filenames when uploading files (back end and front end), which is then executed in tooltips and popups in the back end. Contao…
- risk 0.27cvss 5.3epss 0.00
Contao is an Open Source CMS. In versions starting from 5.0.0 and prior to 5.3.38 and 5.6.1, if a news feed contains protected news archives, their news items are not filtered and become publicly available in the RSS feed. This issue has been patched in versions 5.3.38 and…
- risk 0.27cvss 5.3epss 0.00
Contao is an Open Source CMS. In versions starting from 4.9.14 and prior to 4.13.56, 5.3.38, and 5.6.1, protected content elements that are rendered as fragments are indexed and become publicly available in the front end search. This issue has been patched in versions 4.13.56,…
- risk 0.27cvss 5.3epss 0.00
Contao is an Open Source CMS. In affected versions an untrusted user can inject insert tags into the canonical tag, which are then replaced on the web page (front end). Users are advised to update to Contao 4.13.49, 5.3.15 or 5.4.3. Users unable to upgrade should disable…
- risk 0.21cvss 4.3epss 0.00
Contao is an Open Source CMS. In versions starting from 5.3.0 and prior to 5.3.38 and 5.6.1, under certain conditions, back end users may be able to edit fields of pages and articles without having the necessary permissions. This issue has been patched in versions 5.3.38 and…
- risk 0.21cvss 4.3epss 0.00
Contao is an Open Source CMS. In versions starting from 5.0.0 and prior to 5.3.38 and 5.6.1, the table access voter in the back end doesn't check if a user is allowed to access the corresponding module. This issue has been patched in versions 5.3.38 and 5.6.1. A workaround…
- risk 0.21cvss 4.3epss 0.00
Contao is an Open Source CMS. In affected versions authenticated users in the back end can list files outside the document root in the file selector widget. Users are advised to update to Contao 4.13.49. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.
- risk 0.21cvss 4.3epss 0.01
Contao is an open source content management system. Starting in version 2.0.0 and prior to versions 4.13.40 and 5.3.4, it is possible to inject CSS styles via BBCode in comments. Installations are only affected if BBCode is enabled. Contao versions 4.13.40 and 5.3.4 have a patch…
- risk 0.21cvss 4.3epss 0.01
Contao is an open source content management system. Prior to versions 4.9.40, 4.13.21, and 5.1.4, logged in users can list arbitrary system files in the file manager by manipulating the Ajax request. However, it is not possible to read the contents of these files. Users should…
- risk 0.21cvss 4.3epss 0.02
Directory traversal vulnerability in Contao before 3.2.19, and 3.4.x before 3.4.4 allows remote authenticated "back end" users to view files outside their file mounts or the document root via unspecified vectors.
- risk 0.14cvss 3.3epss 0.00
Contao is an Open Source CMS. From version 4.0.0 to before 4.13.57, before 5.3.42, and before 5.6.5, it is possible to inject code into the template output that will be executed in the browser in the front end and back end. This issue has been patched in versions 4.13.57,…
- risk 0.13cvss 3.1epss 0.00
Contao is an Open Source CMS. In versions 5.7.0 through 5.7.6, an authenticated backend user who can access one job can request an attachment identifier containing ../ segments and make the job attachment download endpoint read a file from another job directory inside…
- risk 0.13cvss 3.1epss 0.00
Contao is an Open Source CMS. From 5.3.35 through 5.3.47 and from 5.7.0-RC1 through 5.7.8, the Feed Reader front-end module passes configured RSS feed URLs from FeedReaderController::getResponse() to feedIo->read() without scheme or private-address validation, allowing a backend…
- risk 0.13cvss 3.1epss 0.01
Contao is an open source content management system. Starting in version 4.0.0 and prior to version 4.13.40 and 5.3.4, it is possible to inject insert tags in frontend forms if the output is structured in a very specific way. Contao versions 4.13.40 and 5.3.4 have a patch for…
- risk 0.10cvss 2.6epss 0.00
Contao is an Open Source CMS. In versions 4.13.40 through 5.3.46 and 5.7.0-RC1 through 5.7.6, the crawler leaks auth credentials to external hosts. Contao's crawler tries to prevent confidential HTTP client options from being sent to external domains by creating a scoped client:…
- CVE-2012-1297Mar 19, 2012risk 0.03cvss —epss 0.01
Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in main.php in Contao (formerly TYPOlight) 2.11.0 and earlier allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that (1) delete users via a delete action in the user module, (2) delete…
- CVE-2011-4335Nov 28, 2011risk 0.03cvss —epss 0.02
Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in Contao before 2.10.2 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the PATH_INFO to index.php in a (1) teachers.html or (2) teachers/ action.
- CVE-2011-0508Jan 20, 2011risk 0.00cvss —epss 0.02
Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in system/modules/comments/Comments.php in Contao CMS 2.9.2, and possibly other versions before 2.9.3, allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the HTTP X_FORWARDED_FOR header, which is stored by…