VYPR

CWE-776

Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')

BaseDraftLikelihood: Medium

Description

The product uses XML documents and allows their structure to be defined with a Document Type Definition (DTD), but it does not properly control the number of recursive definitions of entities.

If the DTD contains a large number of nested or recursive entities, this can lead to explosive growth of data when parsed, causing a denial of service.

Hierarchy (View 1000)

Children

none

Related attack patterns (CAPEC)

CAPEC-197

CVEs mapped to this weakness (105)

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  • CVE-2026-12993MedJun 26, 2026
    risk 0.42cvss 6.5epss 0.00

    A flaw was found in Apicurio Registry. The DocumentBuilderAccessor correctly blocks external DTD and schema access but does not disable DOCTYPE declarations or enable FEATURE_SECURE_PROCESSING. An attacker with artifact-write permission can upload XML documents with internal…

  • CVE-2026-44020HigJun 24, 2026
    risk 0.42cvss 7.5epss 0.00

    Docling simplifies document processing by parsing diverse formats and providing integrations with the generative AI ecosystem. From 2.13.0 until 2.74.0, the USPTO patent XML parser used the standard xml.sax.parseString() without protection against XML External Entity (XXE)…

  • CVE-2026-45771HigJun 9, 2026
    risk 0.42cvss 7.5epss 0.00

    FreeSWITCH is a Software Defined Telecom Stack enabling the digital transformation from proprietary telecom switches to a software implementation that runs on any commodity hardware. Prior to version 1.11.0, FreeSWITCH's bundled XML parser expands nested <!ENTITY> declarations…

  • CVE-2026-49235HigJun 8, 2026
    risk 0.42cvss 7.5epss 0.00

    When Routinator encounters a file via RRDP using a specifically crafted Document Type Definition, Routinator crashes.

  • CVE-2026-41673HigMay 7, 2026
    risk 0.42cvss 7.5epss 0.01

    xmldom is a pure JavaScript W3C standard-based (XML DOM Level 2 Core) `DOMParser` and `XMLSerializer` module. In @xmldom/xmldom prior to versions 0.9.10 and 0.8.13 and xmldom version 0.6.0 and prior, seven recursive traversals in lib/dom.js operate without a depth limit. A…

  • CVE-2026-33116HigApr 14, 2026
    risk 0.42cvss 7.5epss 0.02

    Loop with unreachable exit condition ('infinite loop') in .NET, .NET Framework, Visual Studio allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.

  • CVE-2026-26171HigApr 14, 2026
    risk 0.42cvss 7.5epss 0.02

    Uncontrolled resource consumption in .NET allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.

  • CVE-2026-33908HigApr 13, 2026
    risk 0.42cvss 7.5epss 0.01

    ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. In versions below both 7.1.2-19 and 6.9.13-44, Magick frees the memory of the XML tree via the `DestroyXMLTree()` function; however, this process is executed recursively with no depth…

  • CVE-2026-33036HigMar 20, 2026
    risk 0.42cvss 7.5epss 0.01

    fast-xml-parser allows users to process XML from JS object without C/C++ based libraries or callbacks. Versions 4.0.0-beta.3 through 5.5.5 contain a bypass vulnerability where numeric character references (&#NNN;, &#xHH;) and standard XML entities completely evade the entity…

  • CVE-2026-29074HigMar 6, 2026
    risk 0.42cvss 7.5epss 0.01

    SVGO, short for SVG Optimizer, is a Node.js library and command-line application for optimizing SVG files. From version 2.1.0 to before version 2.8.1, from version 3.0.0 to before version 3.3.3, and before version 4.0.1, SVGO accepts XML with custom entities, without guards…

  • CVE-2026-26278HigFeb 19, 2026
    risk 0.42cvss 7.5epss 0.01

    fast-xml-parser allows users to validate XML, parse XML to JS object, or build XML from JS object without C/C++ based libraries and no callback. In versions 4.1.3 through 5.3.5, the XML parser can be forced to do an unlimited amount of entity expansion. With a very small XML…

  • CVE-2025-3225HigJul 7, 2025
    risk 0.42cvss 7.5epss 0.00

    An XML Entity Expansion vulnerability, also known as a 'billion laughs' attack, exists in the sitemap parser of the run-llama/llama_index repository, specifically affecting version v0.12.21. This vulnerability allows an attacker to supply a malicious Sitemap XML, leading to a…

  • CVE-2023-41635MedAug 31, 2023
    risk 0.42cvss 6.5epss 0.01

    A XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability in the VerifichePeriodiche.aspx component of GruppoSCAI RealGimm v1.1.37p38 allows attackers to read any file in the filesystem via supplying a crafted XML file.

  • CVE-2023-28118HigMar 20, 2023
    risk 0.42cvss 7.5epss 0.01

    kaml provides YAML support for kotlinx.serialization. Prior to version 0.53.0, applications that use kaml to parse untrusted input containing anchors and aliases may consume excessive memory and crash. Version 0.53.0 and later default to refusing to parse YAML documents…

  • CVE-2022-44641MedNov 18, 2022
    risk 0.42cvss 6.5epss 0.01

    In Linaro Automated Validation Architecture (LAVA) before 2022.11, users with valid credentials can submit crafted XMLRPC requests that cause a recursive XML entity expansion, leading to excessive use of memory on the server and a Denial of Service.

  • CVE-2022-25857HigAug 30, 2022
    risk 0.42cvss 7.5epss 0.02

    The package org.yaml:snakeyaml from 0 and before 1.31 are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) due missing to nested depth limitation for collections.

  • CVE-2022-33977HigJul 26, 2022
    risk 0.42cvss 7.5epss 0.02

    untangle is a python library to convert XML data to python objects. untangle versions 1.2.0 and earlier improperly restricts recursive entity references in DTDs. By exploiting this vulnerability, a remote unauthenticated attacker may cause a denial-of-service (DoS) condition on…

  • CVE-2022-34467MedJul 12, 2022
    risk 0.42cvss 6.5epss 0.01

    A vulnerability has been identified in Mendix Excel Importer Module (Mendix 8 compatible) (All versions < V9.2.2), Mendix Excel Importer Module (Mendix 9 compatible) (All versions < V10.1.2). The affected component is vulnerable to XML Entity Expansion Injection. An attacker may…

  • CVE-2021-41559MedJun 28, 2022
    risk 0.42cvss 6.5epss 0.01

    Silverstripe silverstripe/framework 4.8.1 has a quadratic blowup in Convert::xml2array() that enables a remote attack via a crafted XML document.

  • CVE-2021-20464MedApr 22, 2022
    risk 0.42cvss 6.5epss 0.01

    IBM Cognos Analytics PowerPlay (IBM Cognos Analytics 11.1.7, 11.2.0, and 11.1.7) could be vulnerable to an XML Bomb attack by a malicious authenticated user. IBM X-Force ID: 196813.