CWE-41
Improper Resolution of Path Equivalence
BaseIncomplete
Description
The product is vulnerable to file system contents disclosure through path equivalence. Path equivalence involves the use of special characters in file and directory names. The associated manipulations are intended to generate multiple names for the same object.
Path equivalence is usually employed in order to circumvent access controls expressed using an incomplete set of file name or file path representations. This is different from path traversal, wherein the manipulations are performed to generate a name for a different object.
Hierarchy (View 1000)
Related attack patterns (CAPEC)
CAPEC-3
CVEs mapped to this weakness (6)
| CVE | Sev | Risk | CVSS | EPSS | KEV | Published | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2026-5816 | Hig | 0.52 | 8.0 | 0.00 | Apr 22, 2026 | GitLab has remediated an issue in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions from 18.10 before 18.10.4 and 18.11 before 18.11.1 that could have allowed an unauthenticated user to execute arbitrary JavaScript in a user's browser session due to improper path validation under certain conditions. | |
| CVE-2025-43298 | Hig | 0.51 | 7.8 | 0.00 | Sep 15, 2025 | A parsing issue in the handling of directory paths was addressed with improved path validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7, macOS Sonoma 14.8, macOS Tahoe 26. An app may be able to gain root privileges. | |
| CVE-2025-0115 | Med | 0.44 | — | 0.00 | Mar 12, 2025 | A vulnerability in the Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS software enables an authenticated admin on the PAN-OS CLI to read arbitrary files. The attacker must have network access to the management interface (web, SSH, console, or telnet) and successfully authenticate to exploit this issue. You can greatly reduce the risk of this issue by restricting access to the management interface to only trusted users and internal IP addresses according to our recommended critical deployment guidelines https://live.paloaltonetworks.com/t5/community-blogs/tips-amp-tricks-how-to-secure-the-management-access-of-your-palo/ba-p/464431 . This issue does not affect Cloud NGFW or Prisma Access. | |
| CVE-2024-45405 | Med | 0.32 | 6.0 | 0.00 | Sep 6, 2024 | `gix-path` is a crate of the `gitoxide` project (an implementation of `git` written in Rust) dealing paths and their conversions. Prior to version 0.10.11, `gix-path` runs `git` to find the path of a configuration file associated with the `git` installation, but improperly resolves paths containing unusual or non-ASCII characters, in rare cases enabling a local attacker to inject configuration leading to code execution. Version 0.10.11 contains a patch for the issue. In `gix_path::env`, the underlying implementation of the `installation_config` and `installation_config_prefix` functions calls `git config -l --show-origin` to find the path of a file to treat as belonging to the `git` installation. Affected versions of `gix-path` do not pass `-z`/`--null` to cause `git` to report literal paths. Instead, to cover the occasional case that `git` outputs a quoted path, they attempt to parse the path by stripping the quotation marks. The problem is that, when a path is quoted, it may change in substantial ways beyond the concatenation of quotation marks. If not reversed, these changes can result in another valid path that is not equivalent to the original. On a single-user system, it is not possible to exploit this, unless `GIT_CONFIG_SYSTEM` and `GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL` have been set to unusual values or Git has been installed in an unusual way. Such a scenario is not expected. Exploitation is unlikely even on a multi-user system, though it is plausible in some uncommon configurations or use cases. In general, exploitation is more likely to succeed if users are expected to install `git` themselves, and are likely to do so in predictable locations; locations where `git` is installed, whether due to usernames in their paths or otherwise, contain characters that `git` quotes by default in paths, such as non-English letters and accented letters; a custom `system`-scope configuration file is specified with the `GIT_CONFIG_SYSTEM` environment variable, and its path is in an unusual location or has strangely named components; or a `system`-scope configuration file is absent, empty, or suppressed by means other than `GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM`. Currently, `gix-path` can treat a `global`-scope configuration file as belonging to the installation if no higher scope configuration file is available. This increases the likelihood of exploitation even on a system where `git` is installed system-wide in an ordinary way. However, exploitation is expected to be very difficult even under any combination of those factors. | |
| CVE-2026-34451 | Med | 0.28 | 5.4 | 0.00 | Mar 31, 2026 | Claude SDK for TypeScript provides access to the Claude API from server-side TypeScript or JavaScript applications. From version 0.79.0 to before version 0.81.0, the local filesystem memory tool in the Anthropic TypeScript SDK validated model-supplied paths using a string prefix check that did not append a trailing path separator. A model steered by prompt injection could supply a crafted path that resolved to a sibling directory sharing the memory root's name as a prefix, allowing reads and writes outside the sandboxed memory directory. This issue has been patched in version 0.81.0. | |
| CVE-2026-34510 | Med | 0.27 | 5.3 | 0.00 | Apr 1, 2026 | OpenClaw before 2026.3.22 contains a path traversal vulnerability in Windows media loaders that accepts remote-host file URLs and UNC-style paths before local-path validation. Attackers can exploit this by providing network-hosted file targets that are treated as local content, bypassing intended access restrictions. |