CWE-354
Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value
BaseDraftLikelihood: Medium
Description
The product does not validate or incorrectly validates the integrity check values or "checksums" of a message. This may prevent it from detecting if the data has been modified or corrupted in transmission.
Improper validation of checksums before use results in an unnecessary risk that can easily be mitigated. The protocol specification describes the algorithm used for calculating the checksum. It is then a simple matter of implementing the calculation and verifying that the calculated checksum and the received checksum match. Improper verification of the calculated checksum and the received checksum can lead to far greater consequences.
Hierarchy (View 1000)
Related attack patterns (CAPEC)
CAPEC-145 · CAPEC-463 · CAPEC-75
CVEs mapped to this weakness (30)
page 2 of 2| CVE | Sev | Risk | CVSS | EPSS | KEV | Published | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2020-26141 | Med | 0.42 | 6.5 | 0.00 | May 11, 2021 | An issue was discovered in the ALFA Windows 10 driver 6.1316.1209 for AWUS036H. The Wi-Fi implementation does not verify the Message Integrity Check (authenticity) of fragmented TKIP frames. An adversary can abuse this to inject and possibly decrypt packets in WPA or WPA2 networks that support the TKIP data-confidentiality protocol. | |
| CVE-2025-24148 | Med | 0.36 | 5.5 | 0.00 | Mar 31, 2025 | This issue was addressed with improved handling of executable types. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.4, macOS Sonoma 14.7.5, macOS Ventura 13.7.5. A malicious JAR file may bypass Gatekeeper checks. | |
| CVE-2017-9498 | Med | 0.36 | 5.5 | 0.00 | Jul 31, 2017 | The Comcast firmware on Motorola MX011ANM (firmware version MX011AN_2.9p6s1_PROD_sey) and Xfinity XR11-20 Voice Remote devices allows local users to upload arbitrary firmware images to an XR11 by leveraging root access. In other words, there is no protection mechanism involving digital signatures for the firmware. | |
| CVE-2023-48795 | Med | 0.35 | 5.9 | 0.51 | Dec 18, 2023 | The SSH transport protocol with certain OpenSSH extensions, found in OpenSSH before 9.6 and other products, allows remote attackers to bypass integrity checks such that some packets are omitted (from the extension negotiation message), and a client and server may consequently end up with a connection for which some security features have been downgraded or disabled, aka a Terrapin attack. This occurs because the SSH Binary Packet Protocol (BPP), implemented by these extensions, mishandles the handshake phase and mishandles use of sequence numbers. For example, there is an effective attack against SSH's use of ChaCha20-Poly1305 (and CBC with Encrypt-then-MAC). The bypass occurs in chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com and (if CBC is used) the -etm@openssh.com MAC algorithms. This also affects Maverick Synergy Java SSH API before 3.1.0-SNAPSHOT, Dropbear through 2022.83, Ssh before 5.1.1 in Erlang/OTP, PuTTY before 0.80, AsyncSSH before 2.14.2, golang.org/x/crypto before 0.17.0, libssh before 0.10.6, libssh2 through 1.11.0, Thorn Tech SFTP Gateway before 3.4.6, Tera Term before 5.1, Paramiko before 3.4.0, jsch before 0.2.15, SFTPGo before 2.5.6, Netgate pfSense Plus through 23.09.1, Netgate pfSense CE through 2.7.2, HPN-SSH through 18.2.0, ProFTPD before 1.3.8b (and before 1.3.9rc2), ORYX CycloneSSH before 2.3.4, NetSarang XShell 7 before Build 0144, CrushFTP before 10.6.0, ConnectBot SSH library before 2.2.22, Apache MINA sshd through 2.11.0, sshj through 0.37.0, TinySSH through 20230101, trilead-ssh2 6401, LANCOM LCOS and LANconfig, FileZilla before 3.66.4, Nova before 11.8, PKIX-SSH before 14.4, SecureCRT before 9.4.3, Transmit5 before 5.10.4, Win32-OpenSSH before 9.5.0.0p1-Beta, WinSCP before 6.2.2, Bitvise SSH Server before 9.32, Bitvise SSH Client before 9.33, KiTTY through 0.76.1.13, the net-ssh gem 7.2.0 for Ruby, the mscdex ssh2 module before 1.15.0 for Node.js, the thrussh library before 0.35.1 for Rust, and the Russh crate before 0.40.2 for Rust. | |
| CVE-2026-5504 | Med | 0.34 | 5.3 | 0.00 | Apr 9, 2026 | A padding oracle exists in wolfSSL's PKCS7 CBC decryption that could allow an attacker to recover plaintext through repeated decryption queries with modified ciphertext. In previous versions of wolfSSL the interior padding bytes are not validated. | |
| CVE-2026-32148 | Med | 0.31 | 5.9 | 0.00 | Apr 30, 2026 | Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity vulnerability in hexpm hex (Hex.RemoteConverger module) allows dependency integrity bypass via unverified lockfile checksums. Hex stores checksums for dependencies in the mix.lock file to ensure reproducible and integrity-checked builds. However, Hex.RemoteConverger.verify_resolved/2 never executes checksum verification because the lock data returned by Hex.Utils.lock/1 uses string-based dependency names, while the verification logic compares against atom-based names. This type mismatch causes the verification code path to be silently skipped. Checksums are still validated when packages are initially downloaded from the registry, but mismatches between the lockfile and resolved dependencies are not detected. An attacker who can influence cached packages (e.g., via local cache poisoning or a compromised registry) can provide modified dependency contents that will be accepted without detection. The mix.lock file is silently rewritten with the checksum values from the registry, erasing evidence of tampering. This issue affects hex: from 0.16.0 before 2.4.2. | |
| CVE-2025-4418 | Med | 0.29 | 4.4 | 0.00 | Jun 12, 2025 | An improper validation of integrity check value vulnerability exists in AVEVA PI Connector for CygNet Versions 1.6.14 and prior that, if exploited, could allow a miscreant with elevated privileges to modify PI Connector for CygNet local data files (cache and buffers) in a way that causes the connector service to become unresponsive. | |
| CVE-2023-50738 | Med | 0.28 | 4.3 | 0.00 | Jan 17, 2025 | A new feature to prevent Firmware downgrades was recently added to some Lexmark products. A method to override this downgrade protection has been identified. | |
| CVE-2017-12973 | Low | 0.20 | 3.1 | 0.00 | Aug 20, 2017 | Nimbus JOSE+JWT before 4.39 proceeds improperly after detection of an invalid HMAC in authenticated AES-CBC decryption, which allows attackers to conduct a padding oracle attack. | |
| CVE-2025-4616 | Low | 0.07 | — | 0.00 | Nov 14, 2025 | An insufficient validation of an untrusted input vulnerability in Palo Alto Networks Prisma® Browser allows a locally authenticated non-admin user to revert the browser’s security controls. |