CWE-190

If a SCSI READ(10) command is initiated via USB using the largest LBA (0xFFFFFFFF) with it's default block size of 512 and a count of 1, the first 512 byte of the 0x80000000 memory area is returned to the user. If the block count is increased, the full RAM can be exposed. The same method works to write to this memory area. If RAM contains pointers, those can be - depending on the application - overwritten to return data from any other offset including Progam and Boot Flash.

ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. In versions below both 7.1.2-19 and 6.9.13-44, the viff encoder contains an integer truncation/wraparound issue on 32-bit builds that could trigger an out of bounds heap write, potentially causing a crash. This issue has been fixed in versions 6.9.13-44 and 7.1.2-19.

OpenEXR provides the specification and reference implementation of the EXR file format, an image storage format for the motion picture industry. From 3.2.0 to before 3.2.7, 3.3.9, and 3.4.9, a signed integer overflow exists in undo_pxr24_impl() in src/lib/OpenEXRCore/internal_pxr24.c at line 377. The expression (uint64_t)(w * 3) computes w * 3 as a signed 32-bit integer before casting to uint64_t. When w is large, this multiplication constitutes undefined behavior under the C standard. On tested builds (clang/gcc without sanitizers), two's-complement wraparound commonly occurs, and for specific values of w the wrapped result is a small positive integer, which may allow the subsequent bounds check to pass incorrectly. If the check is bypassed, the decoding loop proceeds to write pixel data through dout, potentially extending far beyond the allocated output buffer. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.2.7, 3.3.9, and 3.4.9.

libp2p-rust is the official rust language Implementation of the libp2p networking stack. Prior to version 0.49.4, the Rust libp2p Gossipsub implementation contains a remotely reachable panic in backoff expiry handling. After a peer sends a crafted PRUNE control message with an attacker-controlled, near-maximum backoff value, the value is accepted and stored as an Instant near the representable upper bound. On a later heartbeat, the implementation performs unchecked Instant + Duration arithmetic (backoff_time + slack), which can overflow and panic with: overflow when adding duration to instant. This issue is reachable from any Gossipsub peer over normal TCP + Noise + mplex/yamux connectivity and requires no further authentication beyond becoming a protocol peer. This issue has been patched in version 0.49.4.

In OCaml through 4.14.3, Bigarray.reshape allows an integer overflow, and resultant reading of arbitrary memory, when untrusted data is processed.

Integer wraparound in multiple PostgreSQL libpq client library functions allows an application input provider or network peer to cause libpq to undersize an allocation and write out-of-bounds by hundreds of megabytes. This results in a segmentation fault for the application using libpq. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.1, 17.7, 16.11, 15.15, 14.20, and 13.23 are affected.

In ARM Trusted Firmware 1.2 and 1.3, a malformed firmware update SMC can result in copying unexpectedly large data into secure memory because of integer overflows. This affects certain cases involving execution of both AArch64 Generic Trusted Firmware (TF) BL1 code and other firmware update code.

Huawei CloudEngine 12800 with software V100R002C00, V100R003C00, V100R003C10, V100R005C00, V100R005C10, V100R006C00; CloudEngine 5800 with software V100R002C00, V100R003C00, V100R003C10, V100R005C00, V100R005C10, V100R006C00; CloudEngine 6800 with software V100R002C00, V100R003C00, V100R003C10, V100R005C00, V100R005C10, V100R006C00; CloudEngine 7800 with software V100R003C00, V100R003C10, V100R005C00, V100R005C10, V100R006C00; CloudEngine 8800 with software V100R006C00; and Secospace USG6600 with software V500R001C00 allow remote unauthenticated attackers to craft specific IPFPM packets to trigger an integer overflow and cause the device to reset.

jq is a command-line JSON processor. In 1.8.1 and earlier, the jq bytecode VM's data stack tracks its allocation size in a signed int. When the stack grows beyond ≈1 GiB (via deeply nested generator forks), the doubling arithmetic overflows. The wrapped value is passed to realloc and then used for a memmove with attacker-influenced offsets.

Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to version 12.2.0, if a font advances for each glyph by an exceeding large amount, when Pillow keeps track of the current position, it may lead to an integer overflow. This issue has been patched in version 12.2.0.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: RDMA/irdma: Harden depth calculation functions An issue was exposed where OS can pass in U32_MAX for SQ/RQ/SRQ size. This can cause integer overflow and truncation of SQ/RQ/SRQ depth returning a success when it should have failed. Harden the functions to do all depth calculations and boundary checking in u64 sizes.

A flaw was found in GIMP. A remote attacker could exploit an integer overflow vulnerability in the FITS image loader by providing a specially crafted FITS file. This integer overflow leads to a zero-byte memory allocation, which is then subjected to a heap buffer overflow when processing pixel data. Successful exploitation could result in a denial of service (DoS) or potentially arbitrary code execution.

The integer overflow vulnerability within AMD Graphics driver could allow an attacker to bypass size checks potentially resulting in a denial of service

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: inline: fix len overflow in ext4_prepare_inline_data When running the following code on an ext4 filesystem with inline_data feature enabled, it will lead to the bug below. fd = open("file1", O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0666); ftruncate(fd, 30); pwrite(fd, "a", 1, (1UL << 40) + 5UL); That happens because write_begin will succeed as when ext4_generic_write_inline_data calls ext4_prepare_inline_data, pos + len will be truncated, leading to ext4_prepare_inline_data parameter to be 6 instead of 0x10000000006. Then, later when write_end is called, we hit: BUG_ON(pos + len > EXT4_I(inode)->i_inline_size); at ext4_write_inline_data. Fix it by using a loff_t type for the len parameter in ext4_prepare_inline_data instead of an unsigned int. [ 44.545164] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 44.545530] kernel BUG at fs/ext4/inline.c:240! [ 44.545834] Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI [ 44.546172] CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 343 Comm: test Not tainted 6.15.0-rc2-00003-g9080916f4863 #45 PREEMPT(full) 112853fcebfdb93254270a7959841d2c6aa2c8bb [ 44.546523] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014 [ 44.546523] RIP: 0010:ext4_write_inline_data+0xfe/0x100 [ 44.546523] Code: 3c 0e 48 83 c7 48 48 89 de 5b 41 5c 41 5d 41 5e 41 5f 5d e9 e4 fa 43 01 5b 41 5c 41 5d 41 5e 41 5f 5d c3 cc cc cc cc cc 0f 0b <0f> 0b 0f 1f 44 00 00 55 41 57 41 56 41 55 41 54 53 48 83 ec 20 49 [ 44.546523] RSP: 0018:ffffb342008b79a8 EFLAGS: 00010216 [ 44.546523] RAX: 0000000000000001 RBX: ffff9329c579c000 RCX: 0000010000000006 [ 44.546523] RDX: 000000000000003c RSI: ffffb342008b79f0 RDI: ffff9329c158e738 [ 44.546523] RBP: 0000000000000001 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: 0000000000000000 [ 44.546523] R10: 00007ffffffff000 R11: ffffffff9bd0d910 R12: 0000006210000000 [ 44.546523] R13: fffffc7e4015e700 R14: 0000010000000005 R15: ffff9329c158e738 [ 44.546523] FS: 00007f4299934740(0000) GS:ffff932a60179000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 [ 44.546523] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 [ 44.546523] CR2: 00007f4299a1ec90 CR3: 0000000002886002 CR4: 0000000000770eb0 [ 44.546523] PKRU: 55555554 [ 44.546523] Call Trace: [ 44.546523] <TASK> [ 44.546523] ext4_write_inline_data_end+0x126/0x2d0 [ 44.546523] generic_perform_write+0x17e/0x270 [ 44.546523] ext4_buffered_write_iter+0xc8/0x170 [ 44.546523] vfs_write+0x2be/0x3e0 [ 44.546523] __x64_sys_pwrite64+0x6d/0xc0 [ 44.546523] do_syscall_64+0x6a/0xf0 [ 44.546523] ? __wake_up+0x89/0xb0 [ 44.546523] ? xas_find+0x72/0x1c0 [ 44.546523] ? next_uptodate_folio+0x317/0x330 [ 44.546523] ? set_pte_range+0x1a6/0x270 [ 44.546523] ? filemap_map_pages+0x6ee/0x840 [ 44.546523] ? ext4_setattr+0x2fa/0x750 [ 44.546523] ? do_pte_missing+0x128/0xf70 [ 44.546523] ? security_inode_post_setattr+0x3e/0xd0 [ 44.546523] ? ___pte_offset_map+0x19/0x100 [ 44.546523] ? handle_mm_fault+0x721/0xa10 [ 44.546523] ? do_user_addr_fault+0x197/0x730 [ 44.546523] ? do_syscall_64+0x76/0xf0 [ 44.546523] ? arch_exit_to_user_mode_prepare+0x1e/0x60 [ 44.546523] ? irqentry_exit_to_user_mode+0x79/0x90 [ 44.546523] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x55/0x5d [ 44.546523] RIP: 0033:0x7f42999c6687 [ 44.546523] Code: 48 89 fa 4c 89 df e8 58 b3 00 00 8b 93 08 03 00 00 59 5e 48 83 f8 fc 74 1a 5b c3 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 48 8b 44 24 10 0f 05 <5b> c3 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 83 e2 39 83 fa 08 75 de e8 23 ff ff ff [ 44.546523] RSP: 002b:00007ffeae4a7930 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000012 [ 44.546523] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f4299934740 RCX: 00007f42999c6687 [ 44.546523] RDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: 000055ea6149200f RDI: 0000000000000003 [ 44.546523] RBP: 00007ffeae4a79a0 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 [ 44.546523] R10: 0000010000000005 R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 0000 ---truncated---

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: printk: Fix signed integer overflow when defining LOG_BUF_LEN_MAX Shifting 1 << 31 on a 32-bit int causes signed integer overflow, which leads to undefined behavior. To prevent this, cast 1 to u32 before performing the shift, ensuring well-defined behavior. This change explicitly avoids any potential overflow by ensuring that the shift occurs on an unsigned 32-bit integer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/rose: prevent integer overflows in rose_setsockopt() In case of possible unpredictably large arguments passed to rose_setsockopt() and multiplied by extra values on top of that, integer overflows may occur. Do the safest minimum and fix these issues by checking the contents of 'opt' and returning -EINVAL if they are too large. Also, switch to unsigned int and remove useless check for negative 'opt' in ROSE_IDLE case.

An integer overflow was addressed through improved input validation. This issue is fixed in iOS 18 and iPadOS 18, macOS Sequoia 15, tvOS 18, visionOS 2, watchOS 11. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to an unexpected process crash.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tracing: Fix overflow in get_free_elt() "tracing_map->next_elt" in get_free_elt() is at risk of overflowing. Once it overflows, new elements can still be inserted into the tracing_map even though the maximum number of elements (`max_elts`) has been reached. Continuing to insert elements after the overflow could result in the tracing_map containing "tracing_map->max_size" elements, leaving no empty entries. If any attempt is made to insert an element into a full tracing_map using `__tracing_map_insert()`, it will cause an infinite loop with preemption disabled, leading to a CPU hang problem. Fix this by preventing any further increments to "tracing_map->next_elt" once it reaches "tracing_map->max_elt".

An integer overflow was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in iOS 16.7.9 and iPadOS 16.7.9, iOS 17.6 and iPadOS 17.6, macOS Sonoma 14.6, macOS Ventura 13.6.8, tvOS 17.6, visionOS 1.3, watchOS 10.6. Processing a maliciously crafted file may lead to unexpected app termination.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tcp: Fix shift-out-of-bounds in dctcp_update_alpha(). In dctcp_update_alpha(), we use a module parameter dctcp_shift_g as follows: alpha -= min_not_zero(alpha, alpha >> dctcp_shift_g); ... delivered_ce <<= (10 - dctcp_shift_g); It seems syzkaller started fuzzing module parameters and triggered shift-out-of-bounds [0] by setting 100 to dctcp_shift_g: memcpy((void*)0x20000080, "/sys/module/tcp_dctcp/parameters/dctcp_shift_g\000", 47); res = syscall(__NR_openat, /*fd=*/0xffffffffffffff9cul, /*file=*/0x20000080ul, /*flags=*/2ul, /*mode=*/0ul); memcpy((void*)0x20000000, "100\000", 4); syscall(__NR_write, /*fd=*/r[0], /*val=*/0x20000000ul, /*len=*/4ul); Let's limit the max value of dctcp_shift_g by param_set_uint_minmax(). With this patch: # echo 10 > /sys/module/tcp_dctcp/parameters/dctcp_shift_g # cat /sys/module/tcp_dctcp/parameters/dctcp_shift_g 10 # echo 11 > /sys/module/tcp_dctcp/parameters/dctcp_shift_g -bash: echo: write error: Invalid argument [0]: UBSAN: shift-out-of-bounds in net/ipv4/tcp_dctcp.c:143:12 shift exponent 100 is too large for 32-bit type 'u32' (aka 'unsigned int') CPU: 0 PID: 8083 Comm: syz-executor345 Not tainted 6.9.0-05151-g1b294a1f3561 #2 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.13.0-1ubuntu1.1 04/01/2014 Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x201/0x300 lib/dump_stack.c:114 ubsan_epilogue lib/ubsan.c:231 [inline] __ubsan_handle_shift_out_of_bounds+0x346/0x3a0 lib/ubsan.c:468 dctcp_update_alpha+0x540/0x570 net/ipv4/tcp_dctcp.c:143 tcp_in_ack_event net/ipv4/tcp_input.c:3802 [inline] tcp_ack+0x17b1/0x3bc0 net/ipv4/tcp_input.c:3948 tcp_rcv_state_process+0x57a/0x2290 net/ipv4/tcp_input.c:6711 tcp_v4_do_rcv+0x764/0xc40 net/ipv4/tcp_ipv4.c:1937 sk_backlog_rcv include/net/sock.h:1106 [inline] __release_sock+0x20f/0x350 net/core/sock.c:2983 release_sock+0x61/0x1f0 net/core/sock.c:3549 mptcp_subflow_shutdown+0x3d0/0x620 net/mptcp/protocol.c:2907 mptcp_check_send_data_fin+0x225/0x410 net/mptcp/protocol.c:2976 __mptcp_close+0x238/0xad0 net/mptcp/protocol.c:3072 mptcp_close+0x2a/0x1a0 net/mptcp/protocol.c:3127 inet_release+0x190/0x1f0 net/ipv4/af_inet.c:437 __sock_release net/socket.c:659 [inline] sock_close+0xc0/0x240 net/socket.c:1421 __fput+0x41b/0x890 fs/file_table.c:422 task_work_run+0x23b/0x300 kernel/task_work.c:180 exit_task_work include/linux/task_work.h:38 [inline] do_exit+0x9c8/0x2540 kernel/exit.c:878 do_group_exit+0x201/0x2b0 kernel/exit.c:1027 __do_sys_exit_group kernel/exit.c:1038 [inline] __se_sys_exit_group kernel/exit.c:1036 [inline] __x64_sys_exit_group+0x3f/0x40 kernel/exit.c:1036 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xe4/0x240 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x67/0x6f RIP: 0033:0x7f6c2b5005b6 Code: Unable to access opcode bytes at 0x7f6c2b50058c. RSP: 002b:00007ffe883eb948 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000e7 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f6c2b5862f0 RCX: 00007f6c2b5005b6 RDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: 000000000000003c RDI: 0000000000000001 RBP: 0000000000000001 R08: 00000000000000e7 R09: ffffffffffffffc0 R10: 0000000000000006 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 00007f6c2b5862f0 R13: 0000000000000001 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000001 </TASK>