OpenClaw < 2026.2.17 - Arbitrary File Read via $include Directive Path Traversal

@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ Docs: https://docs.openclaw.ai
 - BlueBubbles: match outbound message-id fallback recovery by chat identifier as well as account context. Thanks @tyler6204.
 - BlueBubbles: include sender identifier in untrusted conversation metadata for conversation info payloads. Thanks @tyler6204.
 - Security/Exec: fix the OC-09 credential-theft path via environment-variable injection. (#18048) Thanks @aether-ai-agent.
+- Security/Config: confine `$include` resolution to the top-level config directory, harden traversal/symlink checks with cross-platform-safe path containment, and add doctor hints for invalid escaped include paths. (#18652) Thanks @aether-ai-agent.
 - Providers: improve error messaging for unconfigured local `ollama`/`vllm` providers. (#18183) Thanks @arosstale.
 - TTS: surface all provider errors instead of only the last error in aggregated failures. (#17964) Thanks @ikari-pl.
 - CLI/Doctor/Configure: skip gateway auth checks for loopback-only setups. (#18407) Thanks @sggolakiya.

@@ -2435,7 +2435,7 @@ Split config into multiple files:
 - Array of files: deep-merged in order (later overrides earlier).
 - Sibling keys: merged after includes (override included values).
 - Nested includes: up to 10 levels deep.
-- Paths: relative (to the including file), absolute, or `../` parent references.
+- Paths: resolved relative to the including file, but must stay inside the top-level config directory (`dirname` of the main config file). Absolute/`../` forms are allowed only when they still resolve inside that boundary.
 - Errors: clear messages for missing files, parse errors, and circular includes.
 
 ---

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+import fs from "node:fs/promises";
+import path from "node:path";
+import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+import { withTempHome } from "../../test/helpers/temp-home.js";
+
+const { noteSpy } = vi.hoisted(() => ({
+  noteSpy: vi.fn(),
+}));
+
+vi.mock("../terminal/note.js", () => ({
+  note: noteSpy,
+}));
+
+import { loadAndMaybeMigrateDoctorConfig } from "./doctor-config-flow.js";
+
+describe("doctor include warning", () => {
+  it("surfaces include confinement hint for escaped include paths", async () => {
+    await withTempHome(async (home) => {
+      const configDir = path.join(home, ".openclaw");
+      await fs.mkdir(configDir, { recursive: true });
+      await fs.writeFile(
+        path.join(configDir, "openclaw.json"),
+        JSON.stringify({ $include: "/etc/passwd" }, null, 2),
+        "utf-8",
+      );
+
+      await loadAndMaybeMigrateDoctorConfig({
+        options: { nonInteractive: true },
+        confirm: async () => false,
+      });
+    });
+
+    expect(noteSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.stringContaining("$include paths must stay under:"),
+      "Doctor warnings",
+    );
+  });
+});

@@ -147,6 +147,30 @@ function noteOpencodeProviderOverrides(cfg: OpenClawConfig) {
   note(lines.join("\n"), "OpenCode Zen");
 }
 
+function noteIncludeConfinementWarning(snapshot: {
+  path?: string | null;
+  issues?: Array<{ message: string }>;
+}): void {
+  const issues = snapshot.issues ?? [];
+  const includeIssue = issues.find(
+    (issue) =>
+      issue.message.includes("Include path escapes config directory") ||
+      issue.message.includes("Include path resolves outside config directory"),
+  );
+  if (!includeIssue) {
+    return;
+  }
+  const configRoot = path.dirname(snapshot.path ?? CONFIG_PATH);
+  note(
+    [
+      `- $include paths must stay under: ${configRoot}`,
+      '- Move shared include files under that directory and update to relative paths like "./shared/common.json".',
+      `- Error: ${includeIssue.message}`,
+    ].join("\n"),
+    "Doctor warnings",
+  );
+}
+
 type TelegramAllowFromUsernameHit = { path: string; entry: string };
 
 type TelegramAllowFromListRef = {
@@ -758,6 +782,7 @@ export async function loadAndMaybeMigrateDoctorConfig(params: {
   const fixHints: string[] = [];
   if (snapshot.exists && !snapshot.valid && snapshot.legacyIssues.length === 0) {
     note("Config invalid; doctor will run with best-effort config.", "Config");
+    noteIncludeConfinementWarning(snapshot);
   }
   const warnings = snapshot.warnings ?? [];
   if (warnings.length > 0) {

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import fs from "node:fs/promises";
+import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 import {
@@ -287,6 +289,17 @@ describe("resolveConfigIncludes", () => {
       /escapes config directory/,
     );
   });
+
+  it("allows nested parent traversal when path stays under top-level config directory", () => {
+    const files = {
+      [configPath("sub", "child.json")]: { $include: "../shared/common.json" },
+      [configPath("shared", "common.json")]: { shared: true },
+    };
+    const obj = { $include: "./sub/child.json" };
+    expect(resolve(obj, files)).toEqual({
+      shared: true,
+    });
+  });
 });
 
 describe("real-world config patterns", () => {
@@ -520,12 +533,35 @@ describe("security: path traversal protection (CWE-22)", () => {
       expect(() => resolve(obj, {})).toThrow(ConfigIncludeError);
     });
 
-    it("handles config at filesystem root edge case", () => {
+    it("allows child include when config is at filesystem root", () => {
       const rootConfigPath = path.join(path.parse(process.cwd()).root, "test.json");
-      const files = { [rootConfigPath]: { root: true } };
-      // Even at root, absolute paths to other locations should be rejected
-      const obj = { $include: "/etc/passwd" };
-      expect(() => resolve(obj, files, rootConfigPath)).toThrow(ConfigIncludeError);
+      const childPath = path.join(path.parse(process.cwd()).root, "child.json");
+      const files = { [childPath]: { root: true } };
+      const obj = { $include: childPath };
+      expect(resolve(obj, files, rootConfigPath)).toEqual({ root: true });
+    });
+
+    it("allows include files when the config root path is a symlink", async () => {
+      const tempRoot = await fs.mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "openclaw-includes-symlink-"));
+      try {
+        const realRoot = path.join(tempRoot, "real");
+        const linkRoot = path.join(tempRoot, "link");
+        await fs.mkdir(path.join(realRoot, "includes"), { recursive: true });
+        await fs.writeFile(
+          path.join(realRoot, "includes", "extra.json5"),
+          "{ logging: { redactSensitive: 'tools' } }\n",
+          "utf-8",
+        );
+        await fs.symlink(realRoot, linkRoot);
+
+        const result = resolveConfigIncludes(
+          { $include: "./includes/extra.json5" },
+          path.join(linkRoot, "openclaw.json"),
+        );
+        expect(result).toEqual({ logging: { redactSensitive: "tools" } });
+      } finally {
+        await fs.rm(tempRoot, { recursive: true, force: true });
+      }
     });
   });
 });

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 import fs from "node:fs";
 import path from "node:path";
 import JSON5 from "json5";
+import { isPathInside } from "../security/scan-paths.js";
 import { isPlainObject } from "../utils.js";
 
 export const INCLUDE_KEY = "$include";
@@ -75,12 +76,17 @@ export function deepMerge(target: unknown, source: unknown): unknown {
 class IncludeProcessor {
   private visited = new Set<string>();
   private depth = 0;
+  private readonly rootDir: string;
+  private readonly rootRealDir: string;
 
   constructor(
     private basePath: string,
     private resolver: IncludeResolver,
+    rootDir?: string,
   ) {
     this.visited.add(path.normalize(basePath));
+    this.rootDir = path.normalize(rootDir ?? path.dirname(basePath));
+    this.rootRealDir = path.normalize(safeRealpath(this.rootDir));
   }
 
   process(obj: unknown): unknown {
@@ -173,20 +179,20 @@ class IncludeProcessor {
       : path.resolve(configDir, includePath);
     const normalized = path.normalize(resolved);
 
-    // SECURITY: Reject paths outside config directory (CWE-22: Path Traversal)
-    if (!normalized.startsWith(configDir + path.sep) && normalized !== configDir) {
+    // SECURITY: Reject paths outside top-level config directory (CWE-22: Path Traversal)
+    if (!isPathInside(this.rootDir, normalized)) {
       throw new ConfigIncludeError(
-        `Include path escapes config directory: ${includePath}`,
+        `Include path escapes config directory: ${includePath} (root: ${this.rootDir})`,
         includePath,
       );
     }
 
     // SECURITY: Resolve symlinks and re-validate to prevent symlink bypass
     try {
       const real = fs.realpathSync(normalized);
-      if (!real.startsWith(configDir + path.sep) && real !== configDir) {
+      if (!isPathInside(this.rootRealDir, real)) {
         throw new ConfigIncludeError(
-          `Include path resolves outside config directory (symlink): ${includePath}`,
+          `Include path resolves outside config directory (symlink): ${includePath} (root: ${this.rootDir})`,
           includePath,
         );
       }
@@ -240,13 +246,21 @@ class IncludeProcessor {
   }
 
   private processNested(resolvedPath: string, parsed: unknown): unknown {
-    const nested = new IncludeProcessor(resolvedPath, this.resolver);
+    const nested = new IncludeProcessor(resolvedPath, this.resolver, this.rootDir);
     nested.visited = new Set([...this.visited, resolvedPath]);
     nested.depth = this.depth + 1;
     return nested.process(parsed);
   }
 }
 
+function safeRealpath(target: string): string {
+  try {
+    return fs.realpathSync(target);
+  } catch {
+    return target;
+  }
+}
+
 // ============================================================================
 // Public API
 // ============================================================================