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Moderate severityNVD Advisory· Published Dec 7, 2022· Updated Apr 23, 2025

Removal of TrustCor root certificate

CVE-2022-23491

Description

Certifi is a curated collection of Root Certificates for validating the trustworthiness of SSL certificates while verifying the identity of TLS hosts. Certifi 2022.12.07 removes root certificates from "TrustCor" from the root store. These are in the process of being removed from Mozilla's trust store. TrustCor's root certificates are being removed pursuant to an investigation prompted by media reporting that TrustCor's ownership also operated a business that produced spyware. Conclusions of Mozilla's investigation can be found in the linked google group discussion.

AI Insight

LLM-synthesized narrative grounded in this CVE's description and references.

Certifi 2022.12.07 removes TrustCor root certificates after Mozilla investigation linked TrustCor ownership to spyware operations.

CVE-2022-23491 describes a security update in Certifi, a curated collection of root certificates for TLS trust validation. The advisory indicates that Certifi version 2022.12.07 removes root certificates from TrustCor from the root store, following Mozilla's decision to remove them from its trust store [1][3].

Root

Cause and Context The removal is based on media reporting and an investigation by Mozilla, which found that TrustCor's ownership also operated a business that produced spyware. A researcher identified that TrustCor's corporate officers were the same individuals behind Measurement Systems, a company that developed a spyware SDK, and that related domains were registered by Vostrom Holdings, which does business as Packet Forensics, a company selling lawful-intercept products [1]. This conflict of interest raised concerns about TrustCor's trustworthiness as a certificate authority [1].

Impact and

Mitigation By removing TrustCor's root certificates, Certifi prevents Python applications from blindly trusting certificates issued by TrustCor, mitigating the risk of man-in-the-middle attacks or other SSL/TLS-based attacks that could be facilitated by a compromised or untrustworthy CA [2][3]. Users are advised to upgrade to Certifi 2022.12.07 or later. The change is visible in the Git commit that deletes the TrustCor root certificate from the store [2]. The vulnerability is publicly documented in the PyPA advisory database [4].

References
  1. concerns about Trustcor
  2. 2022.12.07 · certifi/python-certifi@9e9e840
  3. NVD - CVE-2022-23491
  4. advisory-database/vulns/certifi/PYSEC-2022-42986.yaml at main · pypa/advisory-database

AI Insight generated on May 21, 2026. Synthesized from this CVE's description and the cited reference URLs; citations are validated against the source bundle.

Affected packages

Versions sourced from the GitHub Security Advisory.

PackageAffected versionsPatched versions
certifiPyPI
>= 2017.11.05, < 2022.12.072022.12.07

Affected products

59

Patches

1
9e9e840925d7

2022.12.07

https://github.com/certifi/python-certifiCory BenfieldDec 7, 2022via ghsa
commit
2 files changed · +1 −182
  • certifi/cacert.pem+0 −181 modified
    @@ -636,37 +636,6 @@ BA6+C4OmF4O5MBKgxTMVBbkN+8cFduPYSo38NBejxiEovjBFMR7HeL5YYTisO+IB
 ZQ==
 -----END CERTIFICATE-----
 
-# Issuer: CN=Network Solutions Certificate Authority O=Network Solutions L.L.C.
-# Subject: CN=Network Solutions Certificate Authority O=Network Solutions L.L.C.
-# Label: "Network Solutions Certificate Authority"
-# Serial: 116697915152937497490437556386812487904
-# MD5 Fingerprint: d3:f3:a6:16:c0:fa:6b:1d:59:b1:2d:96:4d:0e:11:2e
-# SHA1 Fingerprint: 74:f8:a3:c3:ef:e7:b3:90:06:4b:83:90:3c:21:64:60:20:e5:df:ce
-# SHA256 Fingerprint: 15:f0:ba:00:a3:ac:7a:f3:ac:88:4c:07:2b:10:11:a0:77:bd:77:c0:97:f4:01:64:b2:f8:59:8a:bd:83:86:0c
------BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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------END CERTIFICATE-----
-
 # Issuer: CN=COMODO ECC Certification Authority O=COMODO CA Limited
 # Subject: CN=COMODO ECC Certification Authority O=COMODO CA Limited
 # Label: "COMODO ECC Certification Authority"
@@ -2204,46 +2173,6 @@ KoZIzj0EAwMDaAAwZQIxAOVpEslu28YxuglB4Zf4+/2a4n0Sye18ZNPLBSWLVtmg
 xwy8p2Fp8fc74SrL+SvzZpA3
 -----END CERTIFICATE-----
 
-# Issuer: CN=Staat der Nederlanden EV Root CA O=Staat der Nederlanden
-# Subject: CN=Staat der Nederlanden EV Root CA O=Staat der Nederlanden
-# Label: "Staat der Nederlanden EV Root CA"
-# Serial: 10000013
-# MD5 Fingerprint: fc:06:af:7b:e8:1a:f1:9a:b4:e8:d2:70:1f:c0:f5:ba
-# SHA1 Fingerprint: 76:e2:7e:c1:4f:db:82:c1:c0:a6:75:b5:05:be:3d:29:b4:ed:db:bb
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------BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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------END CERTIFICATE-----
-
 # Issuer: CN=IdenTrust Commercial Root CA 1 O=IdenTrust
 # Subject: CN=IdenTrust Commercial Root CA 1 O=IdenTrust
 # Label: "IdenTrust Commercial Root CA 1"
@@ -2851,116 +2780,6 @@ T8p+ck0LcIymSLumoRT2+1hEmRSuqguTaaApJUqlyyvdimYHFngVV3Eb7PVHhPOe
 MTd61X8kreS8/f3MboPoDKi3QWwH3b08hpcv0g==
 -----END CERTIFICATE-----
 
-# Issuer: CN=TrustCor RootCert CA-1 O=TrustCor Systems S. de R.L. OU=TrustCor Certificate Authority
-# Subject: CN=TrustCor RootCert CA-1 O=TrustCor Systems S. de R.L. OU=TrustCor Certificate Authority
-# Label: "TrustCor RootCert CA-1"
-# Serial: 15752444095811006489
-# MD5 Fingerprint: 6e:85:f1:dc:1a:00:d3:22:d5:b2:b2:ac:6b:37:05:45
-# SHA1 Fingerprint: ff:bd:cd:e7:82:c8:43:5e:3c:6f:26:86:5c:ca:a8:3a:45:5b:c3:0a
-# SHA256 Fingerprint: d4:0e:9c:86:cd:8f:e4:68:c1:77:69:59:f4:9e:a7:74:fa:54:86:84:b6:c4:06:f3:90:92:61:f4:dc:e2:57:5c
------BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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------END CERTIFICATE-----
-
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-# Subject: CN=TrustCor RootCert CA-2 O=TrustCor Systems S. de R.L. OU=TrustCor Certificate Authority
-# Label: "TrustCor RootCert CA-2"
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------BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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------END CERTIFICATE-----
-
-# Issuer: CN=TrustCor ECA-1 O=TrustCor Systems S. de R.L. OU=TrustCor Certificate Authority
-# Subject: CN=TrustCor ECA-1 O=TrustCor Systems S. de R.L. OU=TrustCor Certificate Authority
-# Label: "TrustCor ECA-1"
-# Serial: 9548242946988625984
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------BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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-tJ/X5g==
------END CERTIFICATE-----
-
 # Issuer: CN=SSL.com Root Certification Authority RSA O=SSL Corporation
 # Subject: CN=SSL.com Root Certification Authority RSA O=SSL Corporation
 # Label: "SSL.com Root Certification Authority RSA"
  • certifi/__init__.py+1 −1 modified
    @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 from .core import contents, where
 
 __all__ = ["contents", "where"]
-__version__ = "2022.09.24"
+__version__ = "2022.12.07"

Vulnerability mechanics

Generated on May 9, 2026. Inputs: CWE entries + fix-commit diffs from this CVE's patches. Citations validated against bundle.

References

7

News mentions

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