VYPR
Moderate severityNVD Advisory· Published Mar 13, 2018· Updated Aug 5, 2024

CVE-2018-1000077

CVE-2018-1000077

Description

RubyGems version Ruby 2.2 series: 2.2.9 and earlier, Ruby 2.3 series: 2.3.6 and earlier, Ruby 2.4 series: 2.4.3 and earlier, Ruby 2.5 series: 2.5.0 and earlier, prior to trunk revision 62422 contains a Improper Input Validation vulnerability in ruby gems specification homepage attribute that can result in a malicious gem could set an invalid homepage URL. This vulnerability appears to have been fixed in 2.7.6.

AI Insight

LLM-synthesized narrative grounded in this CVE's description and references.

RubyGems in Ruby 2.2-2.5 fails to validate the homepage URL in gem specifications, allowing a malicious gem to set an invalid URL.

Vulnerability

RubyGems in Ruby versions 2.2.9 and earlier, 2.3.6 and earlier, 2.4.3 and earlier, and 2.5.0 and earlier (prior to trunk revision 62422) does not properly validate the homepage attribute in a gem specification. This allows a malicious gem to set an invalid or malicious homepage URL.

Exploitation

An attacker can craft a gem with a malformed or malicious homepage URL in its specification. When a user installs the gem, RubyGems processes the specification without validating the URL. No special network position or authentication is required beyond the ability to publish or distribute a gem.

Impact

The attacker can set an invalid homepage URL, which could lead to users being redirected to malicious sites if they view the gem's metadata. The impact is limited to information disclosure or phishing, as the URL is not executed but displayed. No code execution is directly achieved.

Mitigation

The vulnerability is fixed in Ruby 2.7.6 and in later versions. Red Hat has released updated packages for Ruby 2.5.3-6 via RHSA-2018:3731 [1] and for other affected versions via RHSA-2018:3730 [2], RHSA-2018:3729 [3], and RHSA-2020:0663 [4]. Users should upgrade to the latest patched version or apply the relevant vendor updates.

AI Insight generated on May 22, 2026. Synthesized from this CVE's description and the cited reference URLs; citations are validated against the source bundle.

Affected packages

Versions sourced from the GitHub Security Advisory.

PackageAffected versionsPatched versions
rubygems-updateRubyGems
< 2.7.62.7.6
org.jruby:jruby-stdlibMaven
< 9.1.16.09.1.16.0

Affected products

29

Patches

3
0b06b48ab443

Apply backported RubyGems 2.7.6 patch.

https://github.com/jruby/jrubyCharles Oliver NutterFeb 16, 2018via ghsa
7 files changed · +75 20
  • lib/ruby/stdlib/rubygems/commands/owner_command.rb+1 1 modified
    @@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ def show_owners name
         end
     
         with_response response do |resp|
    -      owners = YAML.load resp.body
    +      owners = Gem::SafeYAML.load resp.body
     
           say "Owners for gem: #{name}"
           owners.each do |owner|
    
  • lib/ruby/stdlib/rubygems/package.rb+33 4 modified
    @@ -378,7 +378,7 @@ def extract_tar_gz io, destination_dir, pattern = "*" # :nodoc:
                 File.dirname destination
               end
     
    -        FileUtils.mkdir_p mkdir, mkdir_options
    +        mkdir_p_safe mkdir, mkdir_options, destination_dir, entry.full_name
     
             open destination, 'wb' do |out|
               out.write entry.read
    @@ -416,20 +416,35 @@ def install_location filename, destination_dir # :nodoc:
         raise Gem::Package::PathError.new(filename, destination_dir) if
           filename.start_with? '/'
     
    -    destination_dir = File.realpath destination_dir if
    -      File.respond_to? :realpath
    +    destination_dir = realpath destination_dir
         destination_dir = File.expand_path destination_dir
     
         destination = File.join destination_dir, filename
         destination = File.expand_path destination
     
         raise Gem::Package::PathError.new(destination, destination_dir) unless
    -      destination.start_with? destination_dir
    +      destination.start_with? destination_dir + '/'
     
         destination.untaint
         destination
       end
     
    +  def mkdir_p_safe mkdir, mkdir_options, destination_dir, file_name
    +    destination_dir = realpath File.expand_path(destination_dir)
    +    parts = mkdir.split(File::SEPARATOR)
    +    parts.reduce do |path, basename|
    +      path = realpath path  unless path == ""
    +      path = File.expand_path(path + File::SEPARATOR + basename)
    +      lstat = File.lstat path rescue nil
    +      if !lstat || !lstat.directory?
    +        unless path.start_with? destination_dir and (FileUtils.mkdir path, mkdir_options rescue false)
    +          raise Gem::Package::PathError.new(file_name, destination_dir)
    +        end
    +      end
    +      path
    +    end
    +  end
    +
       ##
       # Loads a Gem::Specification from the TarEntry +entry+
     
    @@ -603,6 +618,10 @@ def verify_files gem
           raise Gem::Package::FormatError.new \
                   'package content (data.tar.gz) is missing', @gem
         end
    +
    +    if duplicates = @files.group_by {|f| f }.select {|k,v| v.size > 1 }.map(&:first) and duplicates.any?
    +      raise Gem::Security::Exception, "duplicate files in the package: (#{duplicates.map(&:inspect).join(', ')})"
    +    end
       end
     
       ##
    @@ -616,6 +635,16 @@ def verify_gz entry # :nodoc:
         raise Gem::Package::FormatError.new(e.message, entry.full_name)
       end
     
    +  if File.respond_to? :realpath
    +    def realpath file
    +      File.realpath file
    +    end
    +  else
    +    def realpath file
    +      file
    +    end
    +  end
    +
     end
     
     require 'rubygems/package/digest_io'
    
  • lib/ruby/stdlib/rubygems/package/tar_header.rb+14 9 modified
    @@ -104,25 +104,30 @@ def self.from(stream)
         fields = header.unpack UNPACK_FORMAT
     
         new :name     => fields.shift,
    -        :mode     => fields.shift.oct,
    -        :uid      => fields.shift.oct,
    -        :gid      => fields.shift.oct,
    -        :size     => fields.shift.oct,
    -        :mtime    => fields.shift.oct,
    -        :checksum => fields.shift.oct,
    +        :mode     => strict_oct(fields.shift),
    +        :uid      => strict_oct(fields.shift),
    +        :gid      => strict_oct(fields.shift),
    +        :size     => strict_oct(fields.shift),
    +        :mtime    => strict_oct(fields.shift),
    +        :checksum => strict_oct(fields.shift),
             :typeflag => fields.shift,
             :linkname => fields.shift,
             :magic    => fields.shift,
    -        :version  => fields.shift.oct,
    +        :version  => strict_oct(fields.shift),
             :uname    => fields.shift,
             :gname    => fields.shift,
    -        :devmajor => fields.shift.oct,
    -        :devminor => fields.shift.oct,
    +        :devmajor => strict_oct(fields.shift),
    +        :devminor => strict_oct(fields.shift),
             :prefix   => fields.shift,
     
             :empty => empty
       end
     
    +  def self.strict_oct(str)
    +    return str.oct if str =~ /\A[0-7]*\z/
    +    raise ArgumentError, "#{str.inspect} is not an octal string"
    +  end
    +
       ##
       # Creates a new TarHeader using +vals+
     
    
  • lib/ruby/stdlib/rubygems/package/tar_writer.rb+2 0 modified
    @@ -196,6 +196,8 @@ def add_file_signed name, mode, signer
           digest_name == signer.digest_name
         end
     
    +    raise "no #{signer.digest_name} in #{digests.values.compact}" unless signature_digest
    +
         if signer.key then
           signature = signer.sign signature_digest.digest
     
    
  • lib/ruby/stdlib/rubygems.rb+1 1 modified
    @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
     require 'thread'
     
     module Gem
    -  VERSION = "2.6.14"
    +  VERSION = "2.6.14.1"
     end
     
     # Must be first since it unloads the prelude from 1.9.2
    
  • lib/ruby/stdlib/rubygems/server.rb+13 1 modified
    @@ -631,6 +631,18 @@ def root(req, res)
           executables = nil if executables.empty?
           executables.last["is_last"] = true if executables
     
    +      # Pre-process spec homepage for safety reasons
    +      begin
    +        homepage_uri = URI.parse(spec.homepage)
    +        if [URI::HTTP, URI::HTTPS].member? homepage_uri.class
    +          homepage_uri = spec.homepage
    +        else
    +          homepage_uri = "."
    +        end
    +      rescue URI::InvalidURIError
    +        homepage_uri = "."
    +      end
    +
           specs << {
             "authors"             => spec.authors.sort.join(", "),
             "date"                => spec.date.to_s,
    @@ -640,7 +652,7 @@ def root(req, res)
             "only_one_executable" => (executables && executables.size == 1),
             "full_name"           => spec.full_name,
             "has_deps"            => !deps.empty?,
    -        "homepage"            => spec.homepage,
    +        "homepage"            => homepage_uri,
             "name"                => spec.name,
             "rdoc_installed"      => Gem::RDoc.new(spec).rdoc_installed?,
             "ri_installed"        => Gem::RDoc.new(spec).ri_installed?,
    
  • lib/ruby/stdlib/rubygems/specification.rb+11 4 modified
    @@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
     require 'rubygems/stub_specification'
     require 'rubygems/util/list'
     require 'stringio'
    +require 'uri'
     
     ##
     # The Specification class contains the information for a Gem.  Typically
    @@ -2810,10 +2811,16 @@ def validate packaging = true
           raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException, "#{lazy} is not a summary"
         end
     
    -    if homepage and not homepage.empty? and
    -       homepage !~ /\A[a-z][a-z\d+.-]*:/i then
    -      raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException,
    -            "\"#{homepage}\" is not a URI"
    +    # Make sure a homepage is valid HTTP/HTTPS URI
    +    if homepage and not homepage.empty?
    +      begin
    +        homepage_uri = URI.parse(homepage)
    +        unless [URI::HTTP, URI::HTTPS].member? homepage_uri.class
    +          raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException, "\"#{homepage}\" is not a valid HTTP URI"
    +        end
    +      rescue URI::InvalidURIError
    +        raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException, "\"#{homepage}\" is not a valid HTTP URI"
    +      end
         end
     
         # Warnings
    
5971b486d4db

Version 2.7.6 with changelog

https://github.com/rubygems/rubygemsSamuel GiddinsFeb 16, 2018via ghsa
2 files changed · +20 1
  • History.txt+19 0 modified
    @@ -1,5 +1,24 @@
     # coding: UTF-8
     
    +=== 2.7.6 / 2018-02-16
    +
    +Security fixes:
    +
    +* Prevent path traversal when writing to a symlinked basedir outside of the root.
    +  Discovered by nmalkin, fixed by Jonathan Claudius and Samuel Giddins.
    +* Fix possible Unsafe Object Deserialization Vulnerability in gem owner.
    +  Fixed by Jonathan Claudius.
    +* Strictly interpret octal fields in tar headers.
    +  Discoved by plover, fixed by Samuel Giddins.
    +* Raise a security error when there are duplicate files in a package.
    +  Discovered by plover, fixed by Samuel Giddins.
    +* Enforce URL validation on spec homepage attribute.
    +  Discovered by Yasin Soliman, fixed by Jonathan Claudius.
    +* Mitigate XSS vulnerability in homepage attribute when displayed via `gem server`.
    +  Discovered by Yasin Soliman, fixed by Jonathan Claudius.
    +* Prevent Path Traversal issue during gem installation.
    +  Discovered by nmalkin.
    +
     === 2.7.4
     
     Bug fixes:
    
  • lib/rubygems.rb+1 1 modified
    @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
     require 'thread'
     
     module Gem
    -  VERSION = "2.7.5"
    +  VERSION = "2.7.6"
     end
     
     # Must be first since it unloads the prelude from 1.9.2
    
feadefc2d351

Enforce URL validation on spec homepage attribute

https://github.com/rubygems/rubygemsJonathan ClaudiusFeb 2, 2018via ghsa
2 files changed · +24 4
  • lib/rubygems/specification.rb+11 4 modified
    @@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
     require 'rubygems/stub_specification'
     require 'rubygems/util/list'
     require 'stringio'
    +require 'uri'
     
     ##
     # The Specification class contains the information for a Gem.  Typically
    @@ -2822,10 +2823,16 @@ def validate packaging = true
           raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException, "#{lazy} is not a summary"
         end
     
    -    if homepage and not homepage.empty? and
    -       homepage !~ /\A[a-z][a-z\d+.-]*:/i then
    -      raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException,
    -            "\"#{homepage}\" is not a URI"
    +    # Make sure a homepage is valid HTTP/HTTPS URI
    +    if homepage and not homepage.empty?
    +      begin
    +        homepage_uri = URI.parse(homepage)
    +        unless [URI::HTTP, URI::HTTPS].member? homepage_uri.class
    +          raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException, "\"#{homepage}\" is not a URI"
    +        end
    +      rescue URI::InvalidURIError
    +        raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException, "\"#{homepage}\" is not a URI"
    +      end
         end
     
         # Warnings
    
  • test/rubygems/test_gem_specification.rb+13 0 modified
    @@ -2887,6 +2887,19 @@ def test_validate_homepage
           end
     
           assert_equal '"over at my cool site" is not a URI', e.message
    +
    +      @a1.homepage = 'ftp://rubygems.org'
    +
    +      e = assert_raises Gem::InvalidSpecificationException do
    +        @a1.validate
    +      end
    +
    +      assert_equal '"ftp://rubygems.org" is not a URI', e.message
    +
    +      @a1.homepage = 'http://rubygems.org'
    +
    +      assert_equal true, @a1.validate
    +
         end
       end
     
    

Vulnerability mechanics

Generated on May 9, 2026. Inputs: CWE entries + fix-commit diffs from this CVE's patches. Citations validated against bundle.

References

23

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